Enlightenement
Which philosopher developed the concept of the "Social Contract"?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
a political movement in the Thirteen Colonies of Great Britain which the colonies founded. The movement began as a rebellion demanding reform and evolved into a revolution resulting in a complete separation that entirely replaced the social and political order.
American Revolution
What is one factor that caused the Industrial Revolution to begin in Britain?
Rivers, An abundance of natural resources, particularly easily accessible coal and iron ore, allowed Britain to fuel steam engines, power factories, and construct machinery, acting as a primary catalyst for the Industrial Revolution. This, combined with capital for investment and a stable government, fueled early industrializatio
an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
Capitalism
An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in cities as opposed to the countryside.
According to Rousseau, what should governments take into account when making decisions
governments must prioritize the "general will," which is the collective desire aimed at the common good rather than individual or factional interests. Decisions should be based on a social contract that ensures equality, as laws must apply universally and arise from the people's collective sovereignty.
a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the Coup of 18 Brumaire on 9 November 1799. Many of the revolution's ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy,
French Revolution
What social class was MOST benefitted by Industrialism?
a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Communism
A machine that turns the energy released by burning fuel into motion. Thomas Newcomen built the first crude but workable one in 1712. James Watt vastly improved his device in the 1760s and 1770s. It was then applied to machinery.
Steam Engine
What is the basic principle of the social contract?
individuals implicitly agree to surrender some of their natural freedoms and submit to the authority of a state or ruler in exchange for the protection of their remaining rights, social order, and security
What notable figure led the Haitians to victory in the first phase of the Haitian Revolution?
Toussaint Louverture
A change in which the fight for gender equality became a greater issue.
What is the feminist movement?
a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
Socialism
The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil; utilized during the c. 1750 time period and led to increased crop yields and growing population
Crop Rotation
What are John Locke's 3 natural rights?
life, liberty, and property
A was a document written by South American revolutionary leader Simon Bolivar where he famously expanded his views on thee independence movement in Venezuela and the way the government under the way they tried to operate. What is the name of the letter?
Jamaican Letter
Explain three negative impact of rapid urbanization on Western Europe
poor wages, poor living conditions mental health decline, so many reasons!
An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members; popularized after worker exploitation common after the Industrial Revolution
Labor Union
In 1868, a Japanese state-sponsored industrialization and Westernization effort that also involved the elimination of the Shogunate and power being handed over to the Japanese Emperor, who had previously existed as mere spiritual/symbolic figure.
Meiji Restoration
What English woman is best known for her comments on womens' rights during the Enlightenment?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Name one SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AND ECONOMIC change that occurred as a result of industrialism?
BASED ON ANSWER
Marx named three social classes during the industrial revolution, what are the names Marx gave them
Proletariat, Aristocracy, Bourgeoisie
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found before the Industrial Revolution; work was highly skilled and valued
Cottage Industry