6.1 Rationales for Imperialism
What was the name of the branch of pseudoscience focused on skull measurements?
Phrenology
What European country was Leopold II the King of and what African territory did he directly control?
Belgium, The Congo
Who gained possession of the Philippines from the Spanish?
The United States
Who tried to build a railroad from South Africa to Cairo?
Cecil Rhodes
What was the primary motivation for Imperialism?
Economic Benefit
What are the two types of motivations for emigrating?
Push and Pull
What ethnic group was barred from immigrating to the United States by an 1882 law?
The Chinese
What theory assumed that societies operated within a system of survival of the fittest?
Social Darwinism
What were the only countries in Africa that resisted European conquest?
Liberia and Ethiopia
What region caused the biggest problems for the Ottoman Empire as a result of Nationalist movements?
The Balkan Peninsula
What material was harvested from South America for use as a fertilizer?
Guano
What kind of crops are grown only for profit?
Cash Crops
What was the primary British penal colony?
Australia
What region of Italy saw the most people migrating away?
The South of Italy
Who were the people that participated in religious conversion efforts in Imperial holdings?
Missionaries
Who seized control of the Spice Islands in Southeast Asia?
The Dutch East India Company
Who was the Inca descended leader of a revolt against the Spanish Empire in the 1700s?
Tupac Amaru II
What material was harvested from Africa for use as a machine lubricant?
Palm Oil
What drug did the British import into China?
Opium
What was the primary motivator for Irish emigration?
The Potato Famine
What is the term for a group of people spread out around the world away from their homeland?
A diaspora
What entity represented British interests in India before the 1857 Indian Revolt?
The British East India Company
What idea claimed that the United States had a divine mandate to conquer the western territories?
Manifest Destiny
Who was the leader of the Sokoto Caliphate?
Usman dan Fodio
How much of the world's supply of diamonds were produced by De Beers Mining Company?
90%
What is the process that Charles Goodyear invented to make rubber useful for industrial machinery?
Vulcanization
What was the primary pull factor bringing people to the United States?
Job Opportunities
What ethnic group are 55% of modern Argentinians descended from?
Italians
What Scottish missionary worked in Sub-Saharan Africa to end the illegal slave trade?
David Livingstone
What country were the British and the Russians competing to control in "The Great Game"?
Afghanistan
Which group of people in South Africa killed their own cattle?
The Xhosa people
Where did most of the resources that were extracted from colonial possessions end up?
Europe and the United States
What region produced cotton as 93 percent of it's exports during the American Civil War?
Egypt
What country set up a Colonization Society that attempted to set up a settlement in Mexico?
Japan
What project were many Chinese immigrants working on in the Western United States?
Railroad Expansion