Philosophers
This Enlightenment thinker wrote the Two Treatise of Government.
John Locke
Name 3 economic reasons for the French Revolution.
Large debt, spending on Versailles, the American Revolution, high bread costs, unfair taxation.
This device was used to kill thousands of people during the French Revolution.
Guillotine
Define Nationalism.
identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.
The European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasized reason and individualism rather than tradition.
The Enlightenment
This Enlightenment thinker is often referred to as the father of Capitalism due to his work The Wealth of Nations.
Adam Smith.
Describe the Social Hierarchy of France before the revolution.
The Estates System. The king is outside the system, priests in the first estate, nobles in the second estate, and commoners are in the third estate.
This person wore ornate expensive hairstyles, gaining the nickname Madam Deficit.
Marie Antoinette.
This person inspired a sense of Nationalism throughout France, in part due to his military exploits.
Napoleon Bonaparte
Louis XVI was this kind of monarch he gained his right to rule from God, not the people.
Divine Right.
Olympe de Gouges fought for women's rights during the Enlightenment. She is well known for having written _____________.
The Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen.
This event marked the beginning of the French Revolution.
The Storming of the Bastille.
This person was briefly the head of the Jacobins. They gained the nickname the incorruptible. Who are they and what is the period they held power referred to.
Maximillion Robespierre, the Reign of Terror.
Name 3 leaders that helped to either unify their country, or free it from colonial control.
Simon Bolivar, Otto Von Bismarck, Toussaint Louverture, Giuseppe Mazzini, and George Washington
An international diplomatic conference to reconstitute the European political order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon I.
Congress of Vienna.
Montesquieu is best known for this way of organizing government. Where and how has it been implemented?
The separation of power. The United States divides its power between the legislative, executive and judicial branches.
Name two causes of the Haitian revolution and who led it.
Enlightenment ideas, desire for freedom from France, freedom from awful working conditions. Toussaint Louverture.
What is the context behind " The King must die so the country can live"?
Since King Louis XVI was alive, foreign powers were looking to invade France in their weakened state to reinstate the king. Also, by putting the king on trial for treason, they can legitimize their government. If the king betrays the country then its justified for them to have a revolution.
What does Real Politik mean? Who is known for this saying?
A system of politics based on practicality over moral and ideological ideas. Otto Von Bismarck.
Define Liberal and Conservative within AP World.
Liberal- A political ideology that emphasizes the civil rights of citizens, representative government, and the protection of private property. Conservative- A political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes.
What political thought is tied to Jean-Jacques Rousseau? Describe it.
The Social Contract. An agreement between the government and the people where the government agrees to rule fairly. In exchange, the people promise to be good citizens. If the government oversteps, then the people have the right to replace them.
Explain 2 ways how the American Revolution contributed to the French Revolution.
France gained a large debt supporting the Americans revolution against the English. The success of the American revolution showed the people of France that enlightenment ideals can be incorporated into a government. The French fought for freedom from tyranny in America then returned to it in France.
This influential newspaper writer supported the executions during the Reign of Terror. They were assassinated by Caen, Charlotte Corday in their own home.
Jean-Paul Marat
Name at least 5 factors that build and maintain a sense of national identity.
Culture, Ethnicity, Geographic Location, Language, Religion, Traditions, Shared History.
Define Peninsulares, Creoles, Mestizos, and Mulattoes.
A Spaniard born in Spain residing in the New World, someone born in the new world from Spanish parents, a person of mixed European and Native American heritage, and a person of European and African Heritage.