Hinduism
This term describes the group of individuals outside the traditional caste system in India, often marginalized
Untouchables
Who is the founder of Buddhism?
Siddartha Gutama
List major achievements of the Mauryan Empire
-Well-organized government
-Collected taxes
-Increased trade and land conquered
_________________________________________
-Became religiously tolerant under Ashoka
-United India under Buddhism
What philosophy did Shi Huangdi unite China under during the Qin Dynasty?
Legalism
What geographic features isolated the Yellow River Valley Civilization? (3)
Himalayan Mountains, Gobi Desert, Taklamakan Desert
List the key concepts of Hinduism (4)
Karma, Dharma, Reincarnation, Moksha
This term refers to the ultimate goal of Buddhism, often translated as "enlightenment."
Nirvana
During the Gupta Empire, in what areas were achievements made during their Golden Age?
-Astronomy
-Medicine
-Architecture
This form of government, advocates for minimal intervention, encouraging rulers to lead by example and align with the natural order.
Daoism
During the Shang Dynasty, what was used as a writing tool?
Oracle bones
This traditional social hierarchy in India divides society into four main groups, with the highest being priests and scholars, and has significant implications for social mobility and occupation.
Caste System
This foundational principle of Buddhism refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, which individuals seek to escape through enlightenment.
Samsara
What language was used in both the Mauryan and Gupta Empires for literature, poetry, Buddhist cave paintings, etc.
Sanskrit
In Confucianism, what is a highly valued idea regarding relationships between family members?
Filial Piety
What social/political system did the Zhou Dynasty function under?
Feudalism
This concept in Hinduism refers to the moral law of cause and effect, where an individual's actions in this life influence their future rebirth and spiritual journey.
Karma
What did Buddhism promote that Hinduism did not?
Social equality
What religion did Ashoka promote throughout the Mauryan Empire after inheriting his grandfather's position? Why?
Buddhism after seeing the horrors of war and wanting to spread the notion of nonviolence.
This concept asserts that a ruler's behavior should derive from their moral virtue and ability to cultivate ethical behavior among subjects, ultimately leading to a harmonious society.
Confucianism
What justifies the removal and/or appointment of a Chinese emporer in Ancient China?
Mandate of Heaven
This concept refers to the ultimate reality or cosmic spirit in Hinduism, representing the source of all existence and the essence of the universe.
Brahman
What are the pillars and practices that Buddhism promotes?
4 Noble Truths & 8 Fold Path
How did Buddhism socially and culturally impact India?
-Promoted moral values
-Encouraged people to respect different religions
-More inclusive cultural landscape
-Cultural diffusion
This principle of governance, suggests that human nature is inherently selfish, requiring stringent laws to maintain societal order.
Legalism
Scenario:
The Shang Dynasty has an immoral ruler that isn't good to his people. The area is plagued with floods, famine, and earthquakes. A new Emporer comes to power enacting peace, stability, and achievements for the people. What is this sequence called?
The Dynastic Cycle