A&P 1
Terminology
Terminology
Anatomy is the study of body structures.
Physiology is the study of body functions.
Define Homeostasis.
Homeostasis is the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment when exposed to both external and internal stimuli.
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Lipids (fats), Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Nucleic acids.
Describe the body in Anatomical Position.
Standing up, facing forward. Palms facing forward with thumbs pointed out.
How many Organ Systems of the human body are there?
11
What is Cytology?
The study of cells.
What is the receptor's role in homeostasis?
The receptor monitors the environment and responds to stimuli.
What do the terms "basic" and "acidic" describe?
What is a body plane?
An imaginary plane that divides the body into two parts.
Ex: The Frontal plane divides the body into ventral and dorsal planes.
List the 5 basic survival needs.
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and atmospheric pressure.
Define microscopic anatomy and provide some examples.
Microscopic anatomy studies the smallest structures of the human body that need to be viewed under a microscope. This includes cells, tissues, and molecules.
What is the Effector's role in Homeostasis?
The effector responds to stimuli by sending messages to muscles or glands.
Inorganic compounds do NOT contain carbon.
True or False: The heart is superficial to the lungs.
FALSE. The heart is deep to the lungs.
List some Necessary Life Functions.
Maintaining boundaries
Movement
Responsiveness
Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth
Define Macroscopic anatomy and provide some examples.
Macroscopic anatomy studies larger bodily structures that can be seen with the human eye, including skin, muscles, and bones.
What is a negative feedback loop? Give example.
In a negative feedback loop, the output shuts off/decreases the original stimulus.
Example: Sweating or shivering to maintain body temperature
List a property of H20.
High heat capacity
High heat of vaporization
Reactivity
Polar-solvent properties
Cushioning
Which is more proximal to our shoulder? Our elbow or wrist?
Our elbow is more proximal to our shoulder than our wrist (distal to the shoulder).
Explain the idea that "Structure fits Functions."
The function of a body structure depends on its form, OR, the form of a structure is influenced by the function it performs.
Explain the idea of Cephalization.
What is a positive feedback loop? Give an example.
A positive feedback loop INCREASES or enhances the original stimulus.
Example: Blood clotting, labor contractions
What category do water, salts, acids, and bases fall into?
Inorganic compounds
True or false: The nose is more medial to the face than the eyes.
TRUE. Medial means closer to the midline of the body. The eyes are more lateral to the body's midline than the nose.
Explain the hierarchy of structural organization from smallest to largest.
Chemical-Cellular-Tissue-Organ-Organ System-Organism