Tissues
List the 4 primary tissues of the human body.
epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve
What are the three parts of a cell?
plasma membrane, cytoplasm (cytosol and organelles), nucleus
The layer of skin that contains blood and nerve endings is...
dermis
Movement of materials from a low to high concentration is called what?
active transport (and what does it require?)
What type of tissue makes up the dermis?
Dense irregular connective tissue
Identify the three shapes of epithelial tissue cells.
squamous, cubodial and columnar
This is the term for the plasma membrane's ability to allow only certain substances to pass through.
semipermeable
What happens to cells as the move from the base of the epidermis to the surface of the skin?
They die
Movement of water specifically, from high concentration to low concentration is called?
osmosis
Which muscle of the skin contracts to give goosebumps?
Arrector pili
What are the key components of all connective tissues?
cells, extracellular matrix (ground substance and fibers)
These organelles are the site of protein synthesis.
ribosomes
What cell is responsible for the waterproofing of skin?
keratinocyte
Identify the two types of sweat glands found in our skin. Differentiate between them.
eccrine (watery sweat; used for thermoregulation; released through pores)
apocrine (thicker sweat containing fat; released through hair follicles; activated at puberty)
Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin? Where is this type of skin located?
Stratum lucidum
palms of hands and soles of feet
This type of tissue deals with communication and electrical signals.
nervous
Cells can join together to make tissues, due to what structures on their membranes? Can you name all types?
Cell junctions
adherens, tight, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, gap
What type of tissue is the hypodermis made of?
adipose (fat) and areolar connective tissues
What is the name of the process that occurs during growth and repair of cells.
What is the term for the process that creates gametes?
mitosis (somatic cell division)
meiosis (reproductive cell division)
What is the name for the white part of the nail that may extend pass the distal end of the digit?
free edge
Blood and lymph are what type of tissue?
connective
What tissue is characterized by elongated, sometimes branched or striated cells? Can you name all types?
Muscle tissue
cardiac (striated, involuntary), smooth (non-striated, involuntary), skeletal (striated, voluntary)
What is the name of the skin gland that secretes oil?
sebaceous
What are the terms for the two stages of the process of protein synthesis? Where do they occur?
transcription (nucleus: DNA to RNA)
translation (ribosomes: RNA to proteins)
What are the two parts of hair?
Hair follicle and shaft