Receptor Rookies
Eye spy
Hear Today, Gone Tomorrow
What's that smell?
Tongue tied
100
These receptors detect changes in the external or internal environment.
What are sensory receptors?
100
In bright light, these photoreceptors become more active and provide detailed, color vision.
What are cones?
100
Hairs at the apex of the basilar membrane detect what kind of frequency? 
What is low frequency?
100
What's the lack of olfaction (smell) called?
What is anosmia? (or hyposmia)
100
Tastants are...
The chemicals your taste bud receptor cells detect!
200
Found in the dermal papillae, these rapidly adapting receptors detect light touch and low-frequency vibration, especially in hairless skin such as the fingertips.
What are Meissner’s corpuscles?
200
What is vision called when seeing from only 1 eye?
What is monocular vision?
200
Does the utricle or saccule detect horizontal motion?
What is the utricle? (The utricle lies flat to sense horizontal movement, while the saccule stands upright on a wall to sense vertical movement using heavy crystals)
200
Olfaction is special in that it does NOT synapse in the ____
What is the thalamus?
200
Which type of papillae on the tongue has no taste buds?
What are filiform papillae (tip of tongue, detect texture, temperature, etc)?
300
The ability to distinguish two nearby points as separate sensations depends largely on receptor density and the size of the sensory receptive fields (BONUS: why do your fingertips have better discriminative touch compared to your forearm?)
What is two-point discrimination? (Bonus: Two-point discrimination is best in areas such as the fingertips because these regions have many sensory receptors, small receptive fields, and extensive representation in this part of the brain.)
300
What condition causes an overproduction or inadequate drainage of aqueous humor; leading to increased pressure in the eyes and eventually blindness, as it damages the optic nerve.
What is glaucoma?
300
What kind of motion do the semicircular canals detect?
What is rotational/angular motion?
300
Binding of an odorant to its receptor activates the G-protein. This triggers the enzyme adenylate cyclase to convert ATP into ____, which opens ion channels that allow sodium and calcium ions to enter cell, causes _______ and action potential generation if threshold is reached.
What is cAMP (cyclic AMP), and depolarization?
300
What are the only 2/5 taste types (salty, sweet, bitter, sour, umami) that rely on ION channels, instead of G proteins?
What are sour (H+ ions, think low pH), and salty (Na+ Cl- = table salt)?
400
These receptors detect skin stretch and sustained pressure.
What are Ruffini endings?
400
Does activation of the sympathetic nervous system cause pupils to dilate or constrict?
What is pupillary dilation? (to let more light in)
400
What condition causes the sensation of hearing noises (ringing, buzzing); most common cause is hearing loss due to damaged stereocilia of cochlear hair cells.
What is tinnitus?
400
What 3 cranial nerves innervate the tongue/mouth and where? (Hint: anterior 2/3 vs posterior 1/3 vs throat/epiglottis)
What is CN VII, Facial nerve (anterior 2/3), CN IX Glossopharyngeal (posterior 1/3), and CN X Vagus nerve (throat)?
400
In the process of activating taste receptors...
1. Chemical dissolves in saliva and changes in ion
movements depolarize the gustatory cell’s plasma
membrane.
2. Depolarization of membrane opens voltage-gated
______ ion channels, so those ions enter the cell.
3. Calcium ions trigger release of __________;
produce an action potential in axon of sensory neuron.
What is calcium and neurotransmitters?