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City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.
Great Zimbabwe
Name given to the spread of African peoples across the Atlantic via the slave trade.
Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru. (Examples Cortez, Pizarro, Francisco.)
Conquistador
"First African-American" who was part of a small group of African freeman who came to the Americas to take part in the Spanish conquest
Juan Garrido
a public sale in which slaves were sold to the highest bidders
Slave Auction
Belt south of the Sahara where it transitions into savanna across central Africa. It means literally 'coastland' in Arabic.
Sahel
engaged in 30 years of guerilla warfare against the Portuguese to maintain sovereignty and control of her kingdom.
Queen Njinga
A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793
Cotton Gin
Published accounts of American slaves who related the hardships and injustices of slavery.
Slave Narratives
This amendment dealt with the abolition of slavery
13th Amendment
East African city-states that emerged in the 8th century CE from a blending of Bantu, Islamic, and other Indian Ocean trade elements.
Swahili Coast
Defeated Egypt and established the 25th dynasty of the Black Pharaohs, who ruled Egypt for a century.
Nubia
___ is an enslaved person who is owned for ever and whose children and children's children are automatically enslaved.
Chattel Slavery
A system of slave labor under which a slave had to complete a specific assignment each day. After they finished, their time was their own. Used primarily on rice plantations.
Task System
19th-century two-masted ship owned by a Spaniard colonizing Cuba, which featured a slave revolt and a trial.
La Amistad
a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith
Religious Syncretism
People from West Africa who expanded their territory vastly; acquired iron technology and learned to breed livestock and grow grain crops that were better than their previous yams
Bantu Migration
sometimes called the "one drop of blood rule"; the assignment of children of racially "mixed" unions to the subordinate group
Hypodescent
a set of laws governing the conduct of the slaves during the French colonial period
Code Noir
The most serious slave rebellion in the the colonial period which occurred in 1739 in South Carolina. 100 African Americans rose up, got weapons and killed several whites then tried to escape to S. Florida. The uprising was crushed and the participants executed.
Stono Rebellion
Uninhabited islands that were colonized by the Portuguese where they established cotton, indigo, and sugar plantations using the labor of enslaved Africans.
Sao Tome
A version of traditional African religious beliefs that are blended with elements of Christianity.
Voodoo
A major influece of the Latin American revolutions because of its successfulness; the only successful slave revolt in history; it is led by Toussaint L'Ouverture.
Haitian Revolution
Status follows the womb -- important idea in modern slavery
Partus Sequitur Ventrem
A grant of legal freedom to an individual slave.
Manumission