APC Exam 3 Review

Muscle Terms

100

These are the two terms for a muscle cell

Muscle fiber and myocyte

200

This is the organelle that is responsible for being able to produce a muscle contraction

Myofibril

300

This is the type of protein that ensures that the process of a muscle contraction is properly coordinated

Regulatory

400

This is the correct "formula" for a muscle triad

1 T-tubule and 2 terminal cisternae (of the S.R.)

500

This is the outer layer of a muscle fiber

Muscle Fascia

The Sarcomere

100

This is the area that represents the entire length of a sarcomere

Z-disc to Z-disc

200

These are the two terms that represent the middle of a sarcomere

H-zone and M-line

300

These are the areas where thick and thin filaments are known to be quote on quote "on top of one another"

Zones of overlap

400

This is the number of proteins that are found in thin filaments

3 (Actin, tropomyosin, and troponin)

500

This is the structure that represents the light region of a sarcomere

I-band

The NMJ

100

This is the "bulb" that is found in the axon terminal

Synaptic bulb

200

This is the NTM that is found in the synaptic vesicles

Acetylcholine (ACh)

300

This is the space that holds Na+ and AChE

Synaptic Cleft

400

These channels are found in the motor end plate of a muscle fiber

Ligand-gated ion channels

500

This is the type of neuron that synapses with the muscle fiber

Motor Neuron

Muscle Contraction & Relaxation

100

You need a lot of this ion in the sarcoplasm for a muscle to contraction

Calcium (Ca2+)

200

This is the structure that is formed when the myosin head binds to actin

Crossbridge

300

A wave of depolarization needs to propagated across these two structures in order for Ca2+ to enter the sarcoplasm during muscle contraction

Sarcolemma and T-Tubule

400

This is the correct breakdown of ATP hydrolysis (include the enzyme that is involved in your answer too)

ATPase hydrolyzes ATP into one P_i (inorganic phosphate) and one ADP

500

This is what would happen if AChE was not in the synaptic cleft 

Muscle would keep contracting because ACh would stay bound to ligand-gated channels allowing Na+ to continually enter the muscle fiber

Joints

100

This is another name for a joint

Articulation

200

This is an immovable joint

Synarthrosis

300

If my toes are pointed up towards the ceiling, what specific movement are they demonstrating?

Dorsiflexion

400

Ball and socket joints are examples of this type of joint (in reference to its movement)

Multiaxial

500

The pad of fibrocartilage that holds the pubic bones together is an example of this cartilaginous joint

Symphysis (pleural known as symphyses)