APCSP Exam Review

Binary

Conditionals

Variables

Lists

Internet

100

The Apple iPhone includes a settings menu where you can toggle various accessibility options on or off:

What is the minimum number of bits that can represent those 2 options?

100

True && False equals

False

100

Are Numbers and Strings the same thing?

No. Strings represent text, Numbers represent numeric values.

100

appending an item does what?

Adds a new element to the end of the list

100

What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

UDP- Speed, no error checking, used for live streams

TCP- Accuracy, packets reordered on other side, error checking, used for more important documents

200

A bunch of computer scientists take over an island and start their own country. They want the license plates to use binary numbers. There's space for 7 digits on each license plate and the first plate starts at 0000000

How many unique license plates can their country support?

128

200

True || False equals

True

200

Can a variable hold two values at once?

Never

200

What is the difference between an element and an index?

Element is individual value in list

index is a method for referencing the element in a list using numbers

200

A gardener sets up a network for a garden using a variety of devices:

A smart temperature sensor: It runs a program that checks whether the temperature is above or below the target range for that time of day and then triggers the heating or cooling system when needed.
A security camera: It uses a machine learning algorithm to detect non-plant motion and sends video footage to a computer.
A desktop computer: It generates a graph of the temperature based on data from the temperature sensor and stores video footage from the camera.
A wireless router: It uses networking software to enable the sensor, computer, and camera to send data to each other.

Which of the devices in the network are considered computing devices?

All of them

300

You're playing around with an old computer that only accepts binary numbers as input.

How would you enter the decimal number 73 into the old computer?

1001001

300

Mark cannot go outside if it is warmer than 100 degrees or if is less than 90 degrees.

It is 91 degrees outside.

Can he go outside?

Yes, because true || false evaluates to true

300

What is a local variable? How do you fix an local variable issue?

A temporary variable, that can ONLY be used in the part of the code it was created in.

300

How does a coder refer to a specific index in a list?

By using square brackets [ ] with number inside

ex. [1]

300

Lavanya is shopping for her first house. At an open house, a real estate agent calls the house a "smart home" and explains that all of the home appliances are also computing devices that are connected together in a computer network.

What is the benefit of networking the devices together?

The computing devices can share the same power

400

Felipe is a videographer that enjoys recording videos of local birds in his free time. Felipe is a big fan of remix culture, so he wants other film-makers to be able to use his recordings but only if they allow their films to be remixed by others.

What approach will allow other film-makers to reuse his videos only if they allow reuse of their own remix?

Should Felipe write "This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike license" under each recording?

Yes.

400

A software engineer for a movie theater is writing a program to calculate ticket prices based on customer ages.

The program needs to implement this pricing chart:

Ticket typePriceGeneral Admission$16Senior (Ages 65+)$12Child (Ages 2-12)$8Infants (Ages 0-1)Free

The code segment below uses nested conditionals to assign the pricevariable to the appropriate value, but its conditions are missing operators.

price ← 0

IF (age <?> 64)
{
    price ← 12
} ELSE
{
    IF (age <?> 12)
    {
        price ← 16
    }
    ELSE {
        IF (age <?> 1)
        {
            price ← 8
        }
    }
}

Which operator could replace <?> so that the code snippet works as expected?

400

Marlon is programming a simulation of a vegetable garden. Here's the start of his code:

temperature ← 65
moisture ← 30
acidity ← 3
DISPLAY (acidity)
DISPLAY (temperature)
DISPLAY (moisture)

After running that code, what will be displayed?

3 65 30

400

highScores ← [750, 737, 714, 672, 655, 634, 629, 618, 615, 610]

DISPLAY(highScores[5])
INSERT(highScores, 5, 668)
INSERT(highScores, 2, 747)
REMOVE(highScores, 12)
REMOVE(highScores, 11)
DISPLAY(highScores[5])

What does the program output to the display?

655 672

400

What is the difference between Redundancy and Fault Tolerant?

Redundancy- inclusion of extra components so that a system can work even if individual components fail

Fault Tolerant- Can continue to function even if individual components fail

500

Eino is composing a short film about climate change which he plans to display at a science museum and on his public YouTube channel.

He searches a video streaming website and finds a video clip with a time lapse of melting ice caps that would be perfect for the film.

Assuming US copyright laws, is Eino allowed to use the video clip for his film?

He can use the video clip if it is explicitly licensed for re-use, like with a Creative Commons license, and he follows the conditions of that license.

500

What is Pseudocode?

Pseudocode is a language that represents programming concepts generally, but doesn't actually run anywhere.

Operators in Pseudocode include: AND, OR, NOT

500

Elsie is looking through her classmate's program and sees a procedure called heightenEmotions:

PROCEDURE heightenEmotions(myEmotion) 
{
    moreEnergy ← CONCAT(myEmotion, "!!!")
    moreVolume ← UPPER(moreEnergy)
    RETURN moreVolume
}

That procedure manipulates strings using two built-in procedures, CONCAT for concatenating two strings together, and UPPER for converting a string to uppercase.

Elsie then sees this line of code:

heightenEmotions("im mad")

After that line of code runs, what will be displayed on the screen?

Nothing will be displayed. There was no display.

500

This list represents the top runners in a marathon, using their bib numbers as identifiers:

frontRunners ← [308, 147, 93, 125, 412, 219, 73, 34, 252, 78]

This code snippet updates the list:

tempRunner ← frontRunners[3]
frontRunners[3] ← frontRunners[2]
frontRunners[2] ← tempRunner

What does the frontRunners variable store after that code runs?

308, 93, 147, 125, 412, 219, 73, 34, 252, 78

500

What are the layers of the internet?

HTTP DNS

TCP/UDP

Physical Network