Web Foundations
the system responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses
What is DNS (Domain Name System)?
The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet
What is an IP address?
An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system
Double Jeopardy
What is a protocol?
A computer that provides a service (can be files) to another computer program and its user, also known as the client
What is a server?
This type of attack floods a server with requests to overwhelm it.
What is a DDoS attack?
a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the Internet
What is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)?
The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network
What is redundancy?
a protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers to each connected device
What is Internet Protocol? (IP addresses)
Utilizes 128 bit internet addresses, solving the address shortage issues we face today, was created to allow for Internet devices to expand for a very long time
What is IPv6?
Differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics
What is the digital divide?
Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message
What is (Packet) Metadata?
The maximum amount of data transmitted over an internet connection in a given amount of time, not to be confused with speed, it's actually the volume of information that can be sent over a connection in a measured amount of time – calculated in megabits per second (Mbps)
What is bandwidth?
Ensures that routing can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures
What is fault tolerance?
Fiber optic cables, Wi-Fi signals, and copper wires connect the computers, smart phones, servers, etc.
Double Jeopardy
What is a physical network?
The act of disguising a communication from an unknown source as being from a known, trusted source
What is spoofing?
a protocol for sending packets that does error checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered (accuracy)
What is TCP?
a packet of data that helps the website keep track of your visits and activity (helps a computer to "remember" who you are)
What is a cookie?
An interconnected system of public webpages (including files, webpages, media) accessible through the Internet
What is the World Wide Web?
This term refers to the ability of a network to expand and support increasing numbers of devices and users without a significant drop in performance.
What is scalability?
The control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet enacted by regulators, or on their own initiative
What is Internet Censorship?
What is UDP?
makes sure traffic between computers goes where it needs to go (choosing the shortest path)
What is a router?
A standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.
What is HTML? Hypertext Markup Language
In the OSI model—a framework used to understand how data travels across a network—the lowest layer is responsible for transmitting raw bits over a medium like tangible cables or radio waves. What is the name of this layer?
What is the physical layer?
The principle that an internet service provider (ISP) has to provide access to all sites, content and applications at the same speed, under the same conditions without blocking or preferencing any content
What is net neutrality?