Food Webs
What is a food web?
A) A diagram that shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem
B) A measure of the number of species in an ecosystem
C) A tool used by ecologists to count the number of individuals in a population
D) A type of animal that feeds on both plants and other animals
A) A diagram that shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem
What is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Cellular Respiration
C) Transpiration
D) Digestion
A) Photosynthesis
Which scientist is most famous for his theory of evolution by natural selection?
A) Albert Einstein B) Isaac Newton C) Charles Darwin D) Nikola Tesla
C) Charles Darwin
What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
A) Sedimentary B) Metamorphic C) Igneous D) None of the above
C) Igneous
What is the primary component of soil?
A) Sand B) Silt C) Clay D) Organic matter
D) Organic Matter
What is a primary consumer in a food web?
A) An organism that eats other animals
B) An organism that feeds on dead organic matter
C) An organism that eats plants
D) An organism that is at the top of the food chain
C) An organism that eats plants
Which ecosystem is known for having a high diversity of marine life?
A) Tundra
B) Rainforest
C) Coral Reef
D) Taiga
C) Coral Reef
What is the term for the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring?
A) Genetic drift
B) Sexual selection
C) Artificial selection
D) Natural selection
D) Natural Selection
What mineral is the primary component of granite?
A) Quartz B) Feldspar C) Mica D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the name for soil that has a pH below 7.0, indicating high levels of acidity?
A) Alkaline soil B) Neutral soil C) Acidic soil D) Basic soil
C) Acidic soil
What is a producer in a food web?
A) An organism that eats other organisms for food
B) An organism that decomposes dead organic matter
C) An organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis
D) An organism that feeds on both plants and animals
C) An organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis
What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?
A) Water
B) Sunlight
C) Soil
D) Air
B) Sunlight
What is the name of the process by which two or more species, sharing a common ancestor, evolve independently of each other in different environments and develop different traits over time?
A) Convergent evolution
B) Divergent evolution
C) Adaptive radiation
D) Coevolution
B) Divergent evolution
What sedimentary rock is composed mainly of calcium carbonate and forms from the accumulation of shells and other debris of marine organisms?
A) Sandstone B) Shale C) Limestone D) Conglomerate
C) Limestone
What is the name for the top layer of soil that is rich in nutrients and supports plant growth?
A) Subsoil B) Bedrock C) Topsoil D) Loam
D) Loam
What happens to the amount of energy available as it moves up the food chain?
A) It increases
B) It decreases
C) It stays the same
D) It goes up and down
B) It decreases
Which biome has a year-round growing season and is known for its lush vegetation?
A) Desert
B) Tundra
C) Rainforest
D) Taiga
C) Rainforest
What is the name of the mechanism of evolution that describes the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a small population due to chance events?
A) Genetic drift
B) Mutation
C) Natural selection
D) Gene flow
A) Genetic drift
What is the process called by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical or chemical means?
A) Erosion B) Weathering C) Deposition D) Subduction
B) Weathering
What is the term for the process by which water dissolves and carries minerals from the topsoil to lower layers of soil?
A) Leaching B) Erosion C) Transpiration D) Evapotranspiration
A) Leaching
What is a keystone species in a food web?
A) An organism that feeds on other organisms for food
B) An organism that helps to maintain the balance of an ecosystem, even though it may not be abundant
C) An organism that is at the top of the food chain
D) An organism that decomposes dead organic matter
B) An organism that helps to maintain the balance of an ecosystem, even though it may not be abundant
What is the term for the process by which organisms break down dead or decaying organic material and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Decomposition
C) Nitrogen Fixation
D) Transpiration
B) Decomposition
What is the name of the phenomenon in which the same trait evolves independently in different species due to similar selective pressures?
A) Convergent evolution
B) Divergent evolution
C) Parallel evolution
D) Coevolution
C) Parallel evolution
What type of metamorphic rock is formed from the alteration of limestone or dolomite by heat and pressure?
A) Schist B) Gneiss C) Slate D) Marble
D) Marble
Which of the following soil horizons contains the most organic matter?
A) A horizon B) B horizon C) C horizon D) R horizon
A) A horizon (also known as topsoil)