Ecosystems & Diversity!
Populations!
Atmosphere!
Lithosphere!
Land Use!
Environmental consequences!
100
A species whose removal would cause the whole ecosystem to collapse
What is a keystone species?
100
The maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely.
What is carrying capacity?
Bonus (50pts): What letter represents this on a graph?
100
The layer of the atmosphere where all weather occurs?
What is the troposphere?
100
The mechanical, chemical, or biological breakdown of rock
What is weathering?
100
A practice of planting multiple different crops in the same field in a planned sequence to improve soil health.
What is crop rotation?
100
The concept that resources that are open access and shared will inevitably be degraded by individuals acting in their own self-interest.
What is Tragedy of the commons?
Bonus (+50 pts) Give an example!
200
The typical percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next
What is 10%?
200
A reproductive strategy where organisms produce few offspring, provide parental care, & mature slowly.
What are K-selected species?
200
This colorless, odorless gas is good in the stratosphere but bad in the troposphere.
What is Ozone?
Bonus (+100): What is the chemical formula for ozone?
200
The "ideal" soil composition
What is LOAM
200
A method of forest harvesting where all trees in a given area are removed, regardless of size.
What is clear cutting?
200
This aquifer is being depleted in the midwestern region of the US
What is the Ogallala aquifer?
Bonus (+100 pts): What human activity uses the most amount of water?
300
The measure of a variety of habitats, communities, & ecological processes within a given area?
What is ecosystem diversity?
300
The number of individuals of a population per unit area
What is population density?
Bonus (100 pts): What is the formula for calculating this?
300
The atmospheric cell that occurs between 30-60 degrees N or S of the equator?
What are Ferrell cells?
300
The layer of soil typically called the "topsoil" (has the most organic matter)
What is the A horizon?
300
This is where an urban area grows outward instead of up.
What is urban sprawl?
300
This is when large habitats are broken up into smaller, isolated areas?
What is habitat fragmentation?
Bonus (+100 pts): Name a realistic solution for this
400
The process by which an excess of nutrients in a body of water eventually leads to oxygen depletion
What is eutrophication?
400
The type of population growth curve that shows a slow start, acceleration, & the leveling off near carrying capacity
What is an S-curve?
Bonus (+50 pts) if you say logistic growth
400
A large-scale weather pattern characterized by a warmer than usual sea surface temperature in the central and eastern equatorial pacific ocean
What is El Nino?
Bonus: (+100 pts): What is the acronym that encompasses both El Nino and La Nina as a whole system?
400
The large-scale geologic process where a portion of Earth's crust slides beneath another section, often creating trenches and volcanoes.
What is subduction?
Bonus (+100 pts): What geological feature is created at a subduction zone between 2 oceanic plates? (besides trenches/volcanoes)
400
The principle that resources should be managed so that they can be used indefinitely without depleting them
What is sustainability?
Bonus (+50 pts): Give an example of sustainability that we learned.
400
It is important to have biodiversity in a time of global climate change because it allows for ecosystems to have ___________ which allows them to bounce back quicker after disturbance?
What is resilience?
Bonus (+50 pts): Name a type of ecological disturbance
500
The total mass of organic matter in a given area at a given time
What is biomass?
500
The predictable changes in age structure, fertility, & mortality rates that occur as a country move from pre-industrial to developed
What is demographic transition?
500
The phenomenon where rising air cools & condenses, causing precipitation on the windward side of a mountain range and arid conditions on the leeward side?
What is the "Rain Shadow Effect"?
Bonus: (+50 pts) Name a location on Earth that is a good example of this.
500
This is the "leftovers" or unwanted rock in a mining operation
What is overburden or tailings?
500
This is how we are able to mass produce meat in a cheap and efficient way
What are CAFO's?
Bonus (+50): What is the fishing version of this system?
500
This is a type of mining waste that comes from the reaction of sulfide materials and air/water when exposed.
What is acid mine drainage?