5.1, 5.2, & 5.3
What are the direct effects of clearcutting?
Soil erosion, increased soil temperature, pollution, and flooding/landslides.
What is tilling?
Preparing the land for the growing of crops.
What is the most efficient form of irrigation?
Drip irrigation.
Why was DDT used?
Aimed to stop malaria and typhus through affecting mosquitoes, lice, and fleas.
True or False? Integrated Pest Management seeks to eliminate any and all use of pesticides.
True
What are the problems with tree plantations?
All trees are the same age and there is a lack of biodiversity.
With more tilling, is there more or less eutrophication? And what is eutrophication?
Eutrophication is algae bloom due to high levels of nutrient runoff into water. With more tilling, there is more eutrophication occurring.
What are the four main types of irrigation?
Furrow, flood, drip, and spray.
How does DDT work?
DDT will accumulate in fatty tissues to control insects in agriculture, homes, institutions, and gardens.
IPM methods require (more / less) time for the farmer, and usually results in (higher / lower) crop yields.
More. Higher.
What is the Green Revolution?
The shift away from smaller family operated farms to large industrial scale agribusinesses. There is also the increase in the use of mechanical work, GMO’s, irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticides.
Slashing and burning is NOT good for the envrionment. What are some alternatives?
Utilizing vertical space and building upwards allows us to conserve our spaces more efficiently and not need to touch the forests.
What is waterlogging?
Waterlogging is when the soil is over saturated with water, causing an absence of oxygen. This stunts or kills plant growth.
What are the pros and cons of DDT use?
Pros:
- most effective in controlling malaria.
Cons:
- very costly; can lead to $28 billion in
annual costs
- very dangerous and banned in the US
- can travel long distances in the upper
atmosphere
- can cause pollution and harm humans and
wildlife
- persistent and highly toxic
- can contaminate soil and water
- Concentrates in the environment and
accumulated in animals affecting their
hearts and brains
- very long lasting even though its been
banned for a very long time and is still
present within testing
What is intercropping and how does it reduce the need for herbicides?
Intercropping is when crops are grown between rows of different types of crops. It reduces the need for herbicides as crop diversity is increased which reduces the risk of weeds from growing.
What are pesticides and what are their pros/cons?
What are the pros and cons of organic fertilizer?
It improves soil health, though on the other hand, economically, it is more expensive.
What is an aquifer?
Underground water reservoir that is usually extracted for its fresh quality. The reservoir is recharged over time.
What are 2 or more other pesticides other than DDT?
Glyphosate, Paraquat, and Atrazine.
What is crop rotation and how does it reduce the need for insecticides?
Crop rotation is when different types of crops are grown in the same area as different crop seasons. Crop rotation increases the soil health and reduces the risk of unnecessary weeds and pests that can harm the crops.
Many communities experience the tragedy of the commons. One way a local community might regulate a shared and limited resource and reduce the tragedy of the commons is to:
c. divide the resources into parcels and assign them to individuals
Soil is compacted. Compaction leads to decreased permeability, which allows for less water and air from entering the ground.
What would happen if the Ogallala Aquifier became depleted?
Major drought would ensue, water would become a mass scarcity for a large majority of the US (the middle section).
What is a way better method than using DDT?
If IPM is so beneficial to the environment, why do so few farmers use it?
IPM does not have a lot of information about the specific of it and the risk of its usage. Additionally, there is a lack of training in terms of IPM methods.