Forests
Removal of large area of forest for human use
What is deforestation?
A grassland that's managed and fenced with domesticated grasses/crops
What is pasture?
True or False: Protected parks and reserves still require more protection to sustain biodiversity.
What is true?
Recovery of degraded ecosystems
What is ecological restoration?
A concentration of aquatic species like shrimp or fish that's available for commercial harvest
What is fishery?
A forest that hasn't been disturbed for 200+ years
What is old growth forest?
A grassland that's unfenced yet still offers grazing forage
What is rangeeland?
3 challenges parks around the world face
What is: too small, invasives, popularity, illegal uses?
Explain reconciliation ecology
What is: conserving biodiv. where humans dominate?
2 reasons it is difficult to protect marine ecosystems & biodiversity
What is: pop growth/ecol. footprints increasing, damage invisible to humans, incorrect views as inexhaustible, most water international?
What is surface fire?
How to sustain grassland productivity
What is: control distribution/abundance of livestock, restore degraded areas?
Why islands of biodiversity are a challenge for wildlife
What is: because the "islands" are not connected and don't protect the full range of habitat?
3 objectives of ecosystem approach
What is: inventory spp/ecosystems/services, protect "", restore degraded ecosystems, development biodiv-friendly?
How ocean acidification affects wildlife
What is: dissolves shells / skeletons and makes it difficult for them to form in the future?
One effect of deforestation and HOW that negatively affects the ecosystem/biodiversity
What is: reduced biodiversity, drier climate, topsoil erosion, reduced CO2 absorption, increased atmospheric CO2?
One effect of overgrazing and HOW that's bad for the environment
What is: grass root damage, grass cover reduced, soil eroded, less capacity to hold water (soil), invasion of plants livestock don't eat?
Purpose of the Wilderness Act (1964)
What is: to offer FULL protection from human activities?
Why hotspots must be protected
What is: they contain endemic spp & most flowering plants/terr. verts.?
One way aquatic ecosystems are being degraded and HOW that affects biodiv/the ecosystem
What is: pollution, habitat loss, water flow altered, invasives, dredging, climate change, overexploitation?
3 ways to be more sustainable with forestry or to lower demand for wood products
What is: appropriate cutting method, reusable products, alternative sources for lumber, etc.?
One sustainable grazing method and HOW that method contributes to sustainability
What is: # animals, avoid at growing season, alternate sites, reduce invasives, trampling, match diets to areas?
You want to offer an area FULL protection from human activities, so you designate it as this
What is wilderness area?
One method of ecological restoration/rehabilitation and HOW that benefits the ecosystem/biodiversity
What is: reduce harmful activities, reintroduce keystone spp, protect areas, restore degraded ecosystems?
How dead zones form
What is: nutrients in water, algae bloom and die, bacteria break it down using up all oxygen?