Biodiversity
What is the number of different habitats available in a given area?
Ecosystem Diversity
Name the ecosystem service that deals with natural ecosystems support processes we do ourselves, masking them cheaper and easier.
Supporting
The study of ecological relationships and community structure
Island Biogeography
Ecological Tolerance
What is the term for a natural event that disrupts the structure and/or function of an ecosystem?
Natural disturbances.
What is the ability to return to its original conditions after major disturbance?
Ecosystem resilience
Name the ecosystem service that deals with a natural ecosystem that regulates climate/air quality, reducing storm damage and healthcare costs
Regulating
What is the species richness when species are on their own island, but are closer to the mainland?
Who can ecological tolerance apply to in nature?
Individuals and species.
Name 3 natural disturbances to an ecosystem.
Tornadoes, hurricanes, asteroids, fire, drought, earthquake, volcanic eruption, flood
Explain the bottleneck effect.
Environmental disturbance that drastically reduces population size and kills organisms regardless of genome.
Name 3 examples of how humans disrupt ecosystem services. (from any category)
Provisioning - overharvesting, waster pollution, clearing land for agriculture or urbanization
Regulating - deforestation
Supporting - pollinator habitat loss and filling in wetlands for development
Cultural - clear cutting, overfishing, pollution, urbanization
Positive correlation
Optimal Range
How does the change of the amount of glacial ice on Earth over geological time affect habitats?
Rising sea level - loss of habitat; plants may not receive adequate sunlight, CO2 levels
Why does genetic diversity measure?
The measurement of how different genomes are for individuals within a population of a species
Explain the "Cultural" ecosystem service.
Money generated by recreation (parks, camping, tours) or scientific knowledge.
Name 2 benefits to larger island sizes.
1. Higher biodiversity
2. More food
3. More habitats
4. More niches
5. Larger population sizes
What is pushing organisms outside their optimum range of tolerance and/or shifting the geographic location of their optimum zone of tolerance?
Global climate change
How would wildlife respond to major natural disruptions?
Migration
What is the difference between species richness vs evenness?
Richness = total number of different species in an ecosystem
Evenness = distribution of the different species within an ecosystem
What are goods that come from natural resources or services/functions that ecosystems carry out that have measurable economic and/or financial value to humans?
Ecosystem Services
Inverse relationship
Name the 3 range of tolerances.
Optimal range, zone of physiological stress, and zone of intolerance
Name the 3 earth system processes that operate on a range of scales in terms of time.
Periodic, episodic, and random