Plate Tectonics
What are mountains?
This layer in a typical soil profile is the topmost one.
What is the O horizon?
This characteristic of the earth is what largely determines the difference in seasons between the northern and southern hemispheres.
What is the axis/tilted axis?
This major convection cell takes warm, humid air away from the equator and drops hot, dry air north or south of the equator.
What is the Hadley cell?
This is the ocean in which El Nino events occur.
What is the Pacific ocean?
This process occurs when oceanic crust is forced under continental crust.
What is subduction?
This type of soil is generally best for growing plants as it doesn't allow water and nutrients to pass through too fast, but also doesn't waterlog plant roots. This is because it mixes all three particle types about equally.
What is loam?
This gaseous layer absorbs harmful UV radiation and prevents it from reaching the surface of the earth.
What is the ozone layer?
This occurs when an area of high elevation prevents precipitation from reaching another location.
What is a rain shadow?
This phenomenon explains why hurricanes spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.
What is the Coriolis effect.
Each magnitude up the Richter scale means that an Earthquake has increased in severity by this many times.
10 times
This type of soil particle, the smallest of the three, holds nutrients well, but is too tightly packed to allow water to reach plant roots reliably.
What is clay?
This location on earth typically receives the most intense solar radiation year round.
What is the equator?
Close proximity to this geological feature allows coastal areas to maintain stable temperatures after the sun sets.
What is the ocean/bodies of water?
This is what happens to the trade winds during an El Nino event.
What is weakening/reversal?
This area in the world is know for the numerous earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis due to high tectonic plate activity.
What is the Pacific Ring of Fire?
This metric for soil is important to understand the soils acidity, as most plants prefer soil to be slightly basic.
What is base saturation?
This is the measurement for the amount of light that is reflected from the Earth's surface. It's percentage depends on the surface.
What is Albedo?
These are the rotating currents of surface water in the ocean. They move clockwise in the north and counter-clockwise in the south.
What are gyres?
This is the event that takes place after an El Nino, in which trades winds are more powerful than normal.
What is La Nina?
This occurs when magma breaks through a tectonic plate not near a plate boundary.
What is a hot spot?
This is the process that occurs in the E layer, in which nutrients or other dissolved substances are carried downward by water.
What is leaching/eluviation?
What is Tropo - Strato - Meso -Thermo - Exo?
This is the process in which cold, nutrient rich ocean water is pulled to the surface as a result of currents. It usually occurs along coastlines.
What is Upwelling?
This is what ENSO stands for.
What is the El Nino Southern Oscillation?