Ecosystem Services
Ecology Basics
Populations
Biodiversity
Misc.
100
Before the invention of the Haber-Bosch process, farmers had to rely on these bacteria to break the the triple bond keeping atmospheric nitrogen in the air.
What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
100
The atoms of this element are essential for building proteins. Too bad the triple bond connecting the elemental form of this substance in our atmosphere is so tough to crack.
What is nitrogen?
100
These factors slow population growth as the population increases in a given area. Crab cannibalism, parasites, and intraspecific competition are a few examples.
Negative density dependent factors
100
The biodiversity of a habitat can be measured by counting the species - and by this metric, which represents the relative abundance of each species.
What is species evenness?
100
Not made of porcelain, reservoirs such as the rainforest can store carbon in plant tissue instead of as CO2 in the atmosphere.
What is a carbon sink?
200
This process - largely caused by fertilizer-depositing runoff - can lead to dissolved oxygen levels outside the range of tolerance for many fish species.
What is eutrophication?
200
Largely due to heat, only about this much energy can be transferred up the food chain.
What is 10%?
200
Symbolized by K, this number represents the limit of a population that an ecosystem can sustain.
What is carrying capacity?
200
While generalists can thrive in a variety of niches, these species were forced to adapt to unique habitats.
What are specialists?
200
Countries in this stage of the demographic transition might face the problem of negative population growth.
What is the postindustrial stage? (Stage 4)
300
In the nitrogen cycle, these bacteria help return nitrogen gas back to the atmosphere.
What are denitrifying bacteria?
300
Not mutualism. Not parasitism. This relationship is win-neutral.
What is commensalism?
300
The rule of 70 - divide 70 by the growth rate, r - can be used to quickly predict this about a population.
What is doubling time?
300
Area and isolation are two characteristics that help ecologists predict biodiversity on these.
What are islands?
300
It was a rough first week. Only about 10% of the kids made it.
What is a type III survivorship curve?
400
NPP = GPP - the energy used in this process.
What is plant respiration?
400
This biome has relatively stable temperatures, precipitation, receives a high level of solar energy, and is characterized by the highest level of primary productivity.
What is tropical rain forest?
400
This stage of the demographic transition is best characterized by population growth that is supported by a substantially decreased mortality rate.
What is the transition stage?
400
When biodiversity decreases with distance from the mainland, the MIX is this...
What is distance from the mainland?
400
Calculate the time it would take a population to double if the annual growth rate was 2.0%?
35 years
500
This type of habitat is found where river meets ocean and includes waters with varying degrees of salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen levels. 
What is an estuary?
500
Species like these such as lichen and moss typically initiate primary succession.
What are pioneer species?
500
These species have evolved to mature rapidly and produce many offspring, usually only once in a lifetime.
What is r-selected?
500
When species richness increases as the island area increases, the DRY is this...
What is species richness?
500
This part of a study or experiment is what researchers manipulate.
What is the independent variable?