Foundational Documents
This was written by Martin Luther King, Jr. explaining the necessity of the Civil Rights Movement...
Letter from a Birmingham Jail
The right to remain silent and due process...
Fifth Amendment
The case which officially established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review...
Marbury v. Madison
This branch of government, established in Article II, has the power to veto bills...
Executive Branch.
A constitutionally required process for selecting the president through slates of electors chosen in each state, who are pledged to vote for a nominee in the presidential election....
Electoral College.
A theoretical concept in political philosophy that proposes and implicit agreement between individuals and their government, individuals relinquish some natural freedoms in exchange for protection of their rights.
Social Contract
Name the Principle:
Review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.
Judicial Review
Somniphobia is the fear of what?
Sleep - a person with Somniphobia is terrified of what might happen when they are asleep
This document by James Madison discusses factions in the United States and how the new Constitution would help control them...
Federalist No. 10
This reserves powers to the states...
Tenth Amendment
This case integrated public schools in the United States...
Brown v. Board of Education
This branch, established by Article I of the Constitution, is responsible for making laws...
Legislative Branch.
What vote determines the set of electors in a state for the general election?
Popular vote
A Principle that asserts the ultimate authority and power of a government reside in the hands of the people. In a democratic system, this means the political decisions are made by the will of the majority through voting
Popular Sovereignty
Name the Clause:
Grants Congress the power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for executing its enumerated powers and other powers vested in the government.
Necessary and Proper Clause
A silhouette of which player is widely recognized as the inspiration behind the official NBA logo designed in 1969?
Jerry West
Essay in which Madison argues that separation of power and federalism will prevent tyranny...
Federalist No. 51.
This Amendment gave African American men the right to vote...
Fifteenth Amendment.
This case incorporated the 2nd Amendment to the states.
McDonald v. Chicago.
The power of judicial review is held by this branch of government....
Judicial Branch.
In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that corporations and labor unions are persons under the law and that the provisions of Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act banning independent ads before elections violated the 1st Amendment...
Citizens United v. United States.
A system within a government structure where each branch of government has some measure of influence over the branches and may choose to block procedures of the other branches.
Checks and Balances
Name the Clause:
Prohibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction, the equal protection of laws.
Equal Protection Clause
Where was Chocolate milk invented?
Switzerland - in 1876, Daniel Peter developed a smoother chocolate by adding dried milk powder to the mixture.
Written by Hamilton and argues that an energetic single executive will protect against foreign attacks, provide for the administration of laws, and protect liberty and property...
Federalist No. 70.
This amendment lowered the voting age to 18...
26th Amendment.
This case incorporated the 6th Amendment's right to counsel to the states...
Gideon v. Wainwright.
The departments and agencies within the executive branch that carry out the laws of the nation...
the bureaucracy.
This gave women the right to vote in federal elections...
19th Amendment.
A political ideology that promotes a form of government in which the country's affairs are conducted for the public interest by elected representatives.
Republicanism
Name the Clause:
Protects individuals' rights to practice their religion freely, without government interference.
In medical terminology, the 'voice box' is known as what?
the Larynx
This document written by Hamilton argues that the federal judiciary would be unlikely to infringe upon rights and liberties but would serve as a check on the other branches...
Federalist No. 78.
This Amendment grants American citizens protections from cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bails and fines...
8th Amendment.
This case incorporated an individual's right to free exercise of religion to the states...
Wisconsin v. Yoder.
All revenue bills must start in this house of Congress...
House of Representatives.
Which federal election typically has a lower voter turnout than the others?
Midterm elections
A parliamentary tactic used to delay or block legislative action, in the Senate. Senators will speak for an extended period of time to prevent a vote on a bill, the purpose is to influence the outcome of the vote and there is no time limit.
Filibuster
Name the Principle:
A Constitutional doctrine where specific protections within the Bill of Rights are applied to state governments through the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause.
Selective Incorporation
Mr. Shade's favorite film of all time:
Billy Madison
A prominent Antifederalist essay that critiqued the proposed U.S. Constitution and raised concerns about the potential dangers of a strong federal government, highlighting infringement upon state's rights and individual liberties.
Brutus No. 1
Which amendment states that all individuals born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizens of the nation and of the state where they reside?
14th
This case prohibited racial gerrymandering, deeming it unconstitutional...
Shaw v. Reno
Explain how Partisanship can create an issue between the Executive Branch and the Legislative Branch.
Pres and Congress -> Policymaking hinders
Bureaucracy and Congress -> Implementation/enforcement of law hinders
Provide an example of a Structural Barrier in terms of voter turnout:
Voter ID Laws
Disenfranchisement Policies
Accessibility to polls
Housing Accessibility
Language Barrier
This is a legislative tool used in the House of Representatives to bring a bill out of committee and onto the floor for consideration, even if the committee has not reported the bill favorably - it requires the signatures of a majority of House members.
Discharge petition
Name the Clause:
Grants Congress the power to regulate the market/trade with foreign Nations, among the States, and with Indian Tribes.
Commerce Clause
What was Billy Joel's first top 40 hit?
Piano Man