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Fluent Much?
When you Evlauate...
Paraphasias
Alphabet Soup
this and that
100
uh…mother and dad…no…mother…and and disses…uh…runnin over…and waduh…and floor…and they …uh…wipin disses…and…uh…two kids…uh…stool…and cookie…cookie jar…uh…and uh … cabinet and stool…uh…tippin over…and…uh…bad…and somebody…uh…somebody gonna get huht.
What is Broca's Aphasia
100
When one eye is 'crossed' or stuck at midline, this depictes which nerve paralysis?
What is Abducens
100
Substitution or transposition of sounds in words (e.g., dirthday tarpi for birthday party)
What is a literal or phonemic paraphasia
100
Clinician: Tell me about your children. Patient: My son…Paul, he works in a…he works at…in the … that thing…but not TV. At the…I don’t know…I know, but…At the Register…the Register. It’s a paper…a news…newspaper. Paul is a…he goes out and he talks to people. He does…he does..I guess you’d say he does interviews. People, you know. On the street and wherever…
What is Anomia
100
Neurologic recovery from this type of stroke usually is greatest in the first 2 weeks and diminishes over time until the patient’s condition stabilizes
What is ischemic ?
200
Clinician: Does the sun rise in the west? Patient: Does the sun rise in the west? -- The sun rises in the west -- in the west -- the sun rises -- Yes -- I think the sun does rise in the west -- yes the sun rises in the west.
What is Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
200
Slow, sinuous, writhing movements that can move from muscle group to muscle group. Increase with emotional tension. Disappear during sleep. This is indicative of
Athetosis
200
substitution of one word for another (e.g., table for chair)
What is verbal or semantic paraphasia
200
disruption of the motor plans needed to demonstrate volitional actions, disruptions that cannot be accounted for by weakness, paralysis, sensory loss, or incoordination of the muscles required to perform the actions. This condition becomes evident when a patient is asked to perform an everyday series of movements with the arm and hand (e.g., “Show me how you wave good-bye”) or with orofacial structures (e.g., “Show me how you blow dust off a shelf”).
What is Ideomotor Apraxia
200
If a patient remains severely impaired when the acute effects of the stroke have dissipated (2 to 4 weeks after the stroke), the patient’s limited recovery usually means that he or she has substantial ________. Such patients usually remain severely impaired for years or for life
What is destruction of brain tissue?
300
Clinician: Hello, Mrs. Fenton Patient: Mrs. Fenton. Yes. Clinician: How are you doing today? Patient: How are you doing today? Clinician: I’m very fine, thank you. How are you doing? Patient: I’m very fine, thank you. Clinician: My name is Mary. I’ll be working with you today. Patient: My name is Mary. I’m working today.
What is mixed transcortical aphasia
300
Each year about (this many) U.S. residents experience a first stroke
What is 500,000
300
These paraphasias are substitutions in which the substituted words have no clear relationship to target words, as in “cigarette” for “motorcycle.”
What are unrelated paraphasias
300
Permanent damage anywhere in this region in the left hemisphere of adult brains almost always causes language impairment (except for the approximate 15% of left-handers whose right hemisphere is responsible for speech and language).
What is the perisylvian region
300
Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke for example
What are Localizationists?
400
This type of aphasia most often follows occlusion of the trunk of the middle cerebral artery, causing massive damage throughout the perisylvian region.Few of these patients can read even simple words, and their reading of sentences or longer printed materials is invariably nonfunctional. Speech of these patients is severely limited, consisting of a few single words, stereotypical utterances (e.g., kakie-kakie-kakie), overlearned phrases (e.g., how-dee-do), or expletives.
What is Global Aphasia?
400
Strokes are visible on this images obtained a few hours after they happen but do not appear on THIS images until several days later.
What are MRI and then CT
400
These paraphasias are substitutions in which a previously used word is substituted for a target word, such as when a patient who has correctly named a comb subsequently calls a fork, a toothbrush, and a key comb
What is a perseverative paraphasia?
400
A group of perceptual impairments in which patients fail to recognize stimuli in a sensory modality (e.g., vision, hearing, touch), although perception in the affected modality is preserved.
What is AGNOSIA
400
Patients with this type of stroke often show little improvement for the first few weeks after the stroke and then have a relatively rapid recovery. Recovery then slows and stabilizes,
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
500
Although they are attentive, task oriented, and cooperative, patients with this type of aphasia are poor conversationalists, seeming content to sit quietly while the conversational partner carries the communicative burden. When it is their turn to speak, they usually produce a perfunctory word or two and turn responsibility back to the conversational partner. In highly structured interactions with highly predicable content, they respond fluently and without delay. A surprising characteristic of these patients how well they repeat phrases or sentences, once they get started.
What is transcortical MOTOR aphasia?
500
This technique is useful in detecting occlusions of arteries or their branches because occluded vessels do not fill with contrast medium and consequently do not appear on the this image.
What is an angiogram?
500
When a patient makes up a word that is not a 'real' word ..such as in this example Clinician: What’s the weather like today? Patient: Fully under the jimjam and on the altigrabbe
What is a neologism or jargon
500
a phenomenon in which brain function is disrupted in regions remote from the site of injury but connected to it by neuronal pathways.
What is diaschesis?
500
It seems clear that most adults, regardless of handedness, depend on the left hemisphere for language because the left hemisphere is dominant for speech and language in approximately 85% of adults. However, left-handers’ brains may be more _______ than right-handers brains. Left-handers who become aphasic seem to have less severe aphasia and to recover language better than their right-handed counterparts, regardless of which hemisphere is affected Milner’s finding that 13% of left-handed adults became aphasic when either hemisphere was anesthetized provides additional support for the notion that left-handers’ brains are less constrained than those of right-handers when it comes to which hemisphere takes care of language
What is flexible