Definitons
an acquired language disorder, caused by brain injury (e.g., stroke, TBI, neoplasm, surgical ablation of brain tissue, infections, and metabolic problems) affecting all modalities of language (speaking, listening, reading, and writing); it is not the result of an intellectual, sensory, motor, or psychiatric problem.
Aphasia
A nonfluent aphasia that has poor repetition but can comprehend.
Broca's
T/F: Stroke is the most common cause of Aphasia
TRUE
Can also be caused by:
What makes a clinician truly excellent?
Commit to lifelong learning, participate in interprofessional collaboration, engage in best practices for assessment/intervention, be a vehicle (Be a vehicle. Don’t let any contact with a person with whom you are working professionally be about you. It’s not about you. It’s about the people you are serving. You are a conduit for empowering, effective work. Great knowledge and skills must be conveyed through you, regardless of how you feel)
an impairment in motor programming and sequencing of movements of the articulators for intentional or volitional speech
Apraxia of Speech
any constellation of communication problems resulting from TBI
Cognitive-Linguistic Disorders associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI)
A fluent aphasia with poor comprehension and poor repetition.
Wernicke's
Define Stroke
Stroke- a temporary or permanent disruption in blood supply to the brain.
What does across all modalities mean?
Receptive and expressive communication is spoken, written, and manual (ASL) language.
a problem of innervation of the speech mechanism for articulation
Dysarthria
language problems resulting from cognitive impairment, typically applied in the context of language disorders associated with neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia
Language of generalized intellectual impairment
A nonfluent aphasia with no comprehension and no repetition.
Global Aphasia
what term is synonymous with stroke?
CVA- Cerebrovascular Accident
List the frameworks
Unidimensional framework
Multidimensional framework
cognitive neuropsychological framework
Psycholinguistic framework
Neurolinguistic framework
Biopsychosocial framework
Concrete-Abstract framework
Propositional Language Framework
Thought Process Framework
Microgenetic Framework
What is a TBI?
conversational content associated with transient confusional states
Language of confusion
Isolation aphasia is similar to:
Transcortical Mixed (nonfluent, no comprehension, with repetition).
Types of Stroke
2 types: Occlusive (Ischemic) and Hemorrhagic
Occlusive = blockage
2 types of occlusive- thrombotic and embolic
Hemorrhagic = bleeding
Commonly occurs from aneurysm or AVM
Why is it important for clinical aphasiologists to know about the visual system?
What is a blast injury?
result from rapid phase of over- and under-pressurization of air compared to normal atmospheric pressure
a developmental condition characterized by language deficits in the face of relatively age-appropriate cognitive abilities in children
Specific Language Impairment
An aphasia in which the patient is fluent, comprehensive, and can repeat.
Anomia
What is a TIA?
Compare and contrast restorative and compensatory approaches to treatment.
Restorative: Approach is aimed at fostering brain-based recovery; sometimes called a restitutive or stimulation approach. Ex. Semantic Feature analysis is a treatment method aimed at enhancing activation of neural networks involved in semantic representation of words. It is generally considered a restorative/restitutive approach because the goal is to foster actual changes in brain mechanism that underlie semantic representation.
Compensatory: Ex. Promoting Aphasics Communicative Effectiveness is a treatment approach that entails use of any and all modalities (speech, drawing, writing, gesturing) to communicate; the measure of communicative success is based on whether the listener has understood, not on linguistic accuracy. It is considered a compensatory approach because the goal is to help the person with aphasia compensate for deficits by using alternative and mixed modalities, not on restoring impaired brain function.
What is Diabetes mellitus?
a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism caused by abnormal insulin function or insulin deficiency, resulting especially in elevated or poorly controlled blood sugar (glucose) levels.