Thinking Geographically
Population & Migration
Cultural Patterns & Processes
Political Patterns & Processes
Agriculture and Rural Land Use
Cities and Urban Land-Use
Industrial and Economic Development
200
Concludes that warmer climates tend to cause inhabitants to have a more relaxed attitude toward work and progress. This led some people to believe that Europeans and those from more temperate climates were more motivated, intelligent and culturally advanced than those of warmer climates.
What is environmental determinism?
200
Stage of the Demographic Transition Model with:
Urbanization reduces the need for child labor - children $$, smaller living spaces.
Increase in healthcare, female employment and education
Life expectancy increases due to the progression of advancements from previous stage.
Natural Increase Rate: Growth slows
- Many Semi-Periphery countries like Turkey, Mexico, Indonesia, India
What is Stage 3?
200
As a cultural trait diffuses, the people who adopt it might alter it - think of the game telephone. Things change over distance and time.
What is friction of distance?
200
Redistricting for a political advantage, when the political party that controls a majority of seats in the state legislature draws political district boundaries to maintain or extend their political power.
What is gerrymandering?
packing, cracking, and representative
200
Transportation costs are proportional to the distance from the market.
The perishability of the product and transportation costs to the market factor into a farmer’s decisions regarding agricultural practices.
What is Von Thunen's Model for rural agricultural land use?
200
This urban model is based on the development of Chicago in the 1920s. Concentric rings are used to classify each type of land use pattern.
What is the Burgess Concentric Zone Model?
200
A criticism of his model of economic development is that it focuses on the development of a single country and does not take into account the fact that all countries are connected in our globalized world. For example, transnational corporations could economically impact countries differently.
Who is Rostow?
400
Acknowledges the limitations imposed by the natural environment, but focuses on the role of human culture to modify and respond to the environment to better fit human needs.
What is possibilism?
400
Stage of the Demographic Transition Model:
Life expectancy continues to increase.
Natural Increase Rate: Falls and then stabilizes at low growth.
Examples: Majority of MDCs- China, Australia, Canada, South Korea, US
What is Stage 4?
400
The trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world without regard to borders or barriers.
What is globalization?
400
Organizations formed by an alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals. i.e. The United Nations
What are supranational organizations?
400
The value of land is influenced by its relationship to the market.
What is the Bid-Rent Theory?
400
Low income housing develops around surrounding ________ and major transportation routes in the Hoyt Sector Model.
What is industry?
400
According to Wallerstein's World System Theory, these countries often have unstable governments, export natural resources, lack reliable transportation or communication infrastructure, and have low skill, labor-intensive jobs, with low wages.
What are periphery countries?
600
At what scale of analysis is this map?
What is a regional scale?
600
Predictable stages in disease and life expectancy that countries experience as they develop which corresponds with the stages of the DTM.
What is the Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)?
600
The process of two or more cultures coming into contact with each other and adopting each other’s traits to become more alike.
What is cultural convergence?
600
The Kurds, Basque, and the Palestinians are examples of ________ nations.
What is stateless?
600
The process by which salts build up in the soil when water evaporates from the ground more rapidly than it is replenished.
What is soil salinization?
600
A regulation about what type of development or land use can occur in a specific location.
What is zoning?
600
This theory states that generally, MDCs are in the northern hemisphere and LDCs are in the southern hemisphere.
What is the Brandt Line (aka the North-South Divide)?
800
What type of region is organized around a central node (focal point) and the relationship is typically based around economics, travel or communication?
What is a functional region?
800
He claimed that population grows exponentially while food output only grow arithmetically. This would result in a food shortage and famine due to overpopulation.
Who is Malthus?
800
The largest language family with about 3.2 billion speakers distributed across the world.
What is Indo-European?
800
A style of government in which power is shared between central, regional, and local governments.
What is federal?
800
They face these obstacles in agriculture?
-limited political representation when making laws
-harder access to bank loans & government grants
-limited access to education
-limited ownership of land
Who are women?
800
Planned urban development that includes multiple uses such as retail, residential, educational, recreational and businesses.
What is mixed-use development?
800
These are special manufacturing zones that attract TNCs and MNCs. They offer tax savings, cheap labor, few environmental regulations, and proximity to shipping networks.
What are export processing zones?
1000
What type of region is based on a person’s perspective or perception of a certain location?
What is a perceptual/vernacular region?
1000
He claimed that food supply is impacted directly by population growth. As population increases humans will develop new technologies to also increase production of food supply.
Who is Boserup?
1000
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs. Lines that divide dialects.
What is an isogloss?
1000
Type of subsequent boundary - takes into account the existing cultural distribution of the people living in the territory and redevelops boundary lines to more closely align with cultural boundaries.
Example: The boundary between Nunavut and the rest of Canada - drawn in 1999, established a province that coincided with indigenous groups
What is a consequent boundary?
1000
This agricultural activity occurs on the least desirable land found at the outer ring of Von Thunen's Model.
What is livestock ranching?
1000
Housing discrimination maintained by banks - starting in the 1930s, refusal to grant home loans in certain areas because of the ethnic or racial composition.
What is redlining?
1000
EXAMPLES:
Rainforest wildlife in Costa Rica
Mountain gorillas in Rwanda
Coral reefs in Australia
Whale watching in Kaikoura, NZ
Marine life on the Galapagos Islands
Volcanoes and glaciers in Iceland
What is ecotourism?