Thinking Geographically
What are the two types of geographic data?
Qualitative and Quantitative
What is a push factor?
A reason someone leaves a place
What is a lingua franca?
A common language used for trade/communication
What is an area of instability located between regions with opposing political and cultural values?
Shatter belt
What does “crude birth rate” measure?
Number of births per 1,000 people per year
What type of map shows data like population density or income levels using shading or color?
Choropleth map
What is the difference between an immigrant and an emigrant?
Immigrant enters; emigrant leaves
What is the difference between a universalizing religion and an ethnic religion?
Universalizing = seeks converts; Ethnic = tied to one group/place
What is the difference between a state and a nation?
State = political unit; Nation = cultural group
What stage of the Demographic Transition Model has high birth rates AND falling death rates?
Stage 2
What is the difference between site and situation?
Site = physical characteristics; Situation = location relative to other places
Give one example of an economic pull factor.
Jobs, higher wages, better opportunities
A group of people that is bound together by a common political identity is defined as a(an) _________. A group of people who share a common identity is a(an) ___________.
What is the difference between a unitary state and a federal state?
A unitary state has most power in the central government, while a federal state divides power between national and regional governments.
Why do women in more developed countries tend to have fewer children?
Education, careers, cost of raising children, access to contraception
Why might a cartogram distort the size of countries?
To represent data (like population or GDP) rather than actual land size
What is chain migration?
Migration of people to a place where relatives/friends already live
What is creolization?
The blending of two or more cultures to create a new, distinct culture (often seen in language, food, and traditions).
What is the difference between a consequent and antecedent boundary?
Consequent = follows cultural divisions; Antecedent = existed before people settled
How does an aging population impact a country’s economy?
More dependents, strain on healthcare/social services, smaller workforce
Explain one limitation of using maps or data to understand the world.
Examples: distortion, scale issues, misleading averages, lack of context
Explain how migration can change the cultural landscape of a place.
New languages, foods, religions, neighborhoods, cultural diffusion
What are TWO types of diffusion that explain how Social media helps spread music, fashion, and language trends quickly around the world?
Contagious and hierarchical diffusion (or stimulus); impact could include cultural homogenization or increased cultural exchange.
What is one devolutionary force in Nigeria, and how does it challenge the unity of the state?
Ethnic or religious division (ex: Muslim north vs. Christian south, or ethnic groups like Hausa, Igbo, Yoruba); it challenges unity by creating conflict, competition for power, or calls for regional control.
Explain how a country might move from Stage 2 to Stage 3 in the DTM.
Decline in birth rates due to urbanization, education, changing roles of women