Why are we moving?
Describe an economic push factor.
Lost job, Lack of jobs, Lack of resources, No money etc.
Agricultural Intensification, which is a counter argument to Malthus, means what?
Population will be controlled and fed through improved agricultural and food production methods
Describe a specific example of IDPs
Afghanistan, Hurricane Katrina, Trail of Tears etc.
Describe populations that would most likely fall under DTM stage 4
Pyramid pretty evenly distributed, high life expectancy, lower birth rates and lower death rates etc.
Identify the four main population clusters of the world
What is South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia and Europe?
Describe a social pull factor.
My family lives there, My community lives there, I feel accepted there etc.
Describe the beliefs of Neo-Malthusians
Neo-Malthusians believe that the issues presented by Malthus can be prevented through population control programs (like birth control or anti-natalism) and sustainable agriculture
The migration of African Americans from the South to northern urban areas is referred to as
The Great Migration
What is the overall purpose of the ETM? (What does ETM stand for and give examples)
Epidemiological Transition Model; How people die in each stage of development (pandemics vs. degenerative diseases) etc.
A population continuing to grow for a while following a fertility decline, due to the large percentage of young people, is known as
What is demographic momentum?
Describe carrying capacity and 1 variable that could increase a piece of land's carrying capacity
The maximum amount of people that a piece of land can support. Technology could increase a piece of land's carrying capacity (fertilizer for example) Singapore and Amsterdam are examples
Describe two cities we spoke about that are exceeding carrying capacity due to their lack of adjustment to their population growth
(Answers may vary dependent on explanation)
A man migrates from Guatemala to the United States and earns money to allow for his wife and children to follow him to the United States. This is an example of
Chain migration
The USA most likely falls under what stage of the DTM? What is the most commonly cited reason for this?
Stage 4; Immigrant populations
What is the difference between CBR, Fertility Rate, CDR, Infant Mortality rate and Child Mortality Rate?
CBR: Total number of births per 1000 people in a year
Fertility Rate: The average amount of children a woman of childbearing age is likely to have
CDR: Total number of deaths per 1000 people per year
IMR: Total number of infant deaths per 1000 live births per year
CMR: the probability per 1,000 live births that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five
Describe a political push factor AND explain the differences between IDPs and refugees
Civil war/political unrest/authoritarianism etc.
Internally displaced persons are displaced within their country, refugees outside of their country.
Who was a prominent critic of Malthus who advocated Cornucopian Theory and Agricultural Intensification?
Ester Boserup
Describe the difference between assimilation and acculturation? Give an example for each pertaining to migration!
Assimilation: Complete loss of native culture and adoption of new culture you've migrated into
Acculturation: Adoption of certain characteristics but still adhering to the native culture you came from
Describe dependency ratio and give an example of a country that might have a high dependency ratio
DR is the measure of the number of dependents aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, compared with the total population aged 15 to 64. This indicator gives insight into the number of people of nonworking age, compared with the number of those of working age.
Periphery countries, Stage 2/5 countries etc.
Name and describe 1 antinatalist and 1 pronatalist policy we discussed in class
A: China, India, Bangladesh etc.
P: Singapore, Denmark, Italy etc.
Describe 3 characteristics or effects of rural to urban migration in periphery and semi-periphery countries
-Farmers that have lost jobs go to the city to find work as countries develop new technologies for agriculture.
-Cities become crowded and infrastructure is strained.
-Slums and crime increase.
-Agricultural density decreases.
What was the biggest thing that humans could do to curb population, according to Thomas Malthus?
Abstinence
Describe 3 of Ravenstein's 9 Laws of migration
1) Most migrants go only a short distance
2) Migration proceeds step by step
3) Migrants traveling long distances generally go by preference to one of the great centers of commerce or industry, like cities.
4) Each current of migration produces a compensating counter-current, called counter migration
5) Natives of towns are less migratory than those of rural areas
6) Females are more migratory than males within the kingdom of their birth, but males more frequently venture beyond
7) Most migrants are adults: families rarely migrate out of their country of birth
8) Large towns/cities grow more by migration than by natural increase
9) Migration increases in volume as industries and commerce develop and transport improves
Describe the CBR, CDR and RNI characteristics of Stage 5 of the DTM
What is Low CBR, Low CDR, Low RNI?
Describe the difference between Physiological, Agricultural and Arithmetic population density AND identify a country that most likely has high/low physiological density and high/low agricultural density.
Arithmetic: The average amount of people living in a set area.
Physiological: The average number of people per unit area of arable land. H: Egypt, Japan L: USA, Australia etc.
Agricultural: The average number of farmers per unit of arable land. H: Periphery/Semiperiphery countries L: Core countries