3.1
The shared beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies of a society.
what is culture?
People of the same ethnicity who cluster together in a specific location, typically within a major city.
What are ethnic enclaves?
The geographic origin of a culture or cultural trait. Traits first diffuse from the cultural hearth.
What is a cultural hearth?
The process of two or more cultures coming into contact with each other and adopting each other’s traits to become more alike.
What is cultural divergence?
Prolonged contact between two or more cultures may result in acculturation, which is when people within one culture adopt some traits from the other culture.
What is acculturation?
Examples include: Artifacts, Sociofacts, Mentifacts
What are cultural traits?
Places in the cultural landscape are utilized to reinforce or accommodate gender roles for men and women.
What are gendered spaces?
The movement or spread of cultural traits, knowledge, ideas, trends from hearths to other geographic areas.
What is diffusion?
The shrinking of the world due to improvements in communication and transportation technologies
What is time-space compression?
Subtype of acculturation in which one culture abandons their original culture and adopts another culture.
What is assimilation?
the small, homogenous (similar) groups of people, often living in rural areas that are isolated and unlikely to change.
What is local/traditional culture?
Influenced by the environment and built with available local materials. Reflective of history, culture, and CLIMATE.
What is traditional architecture?
Relocation and Expansion
What are the 2 different types of diffusion?
Internet & Technology, Social Media & Relationships, Media (TV/Streaming/Movies/Radio/ Podcasts), Politics, The Economy, Urbanization
What are examples of causes of diffusion?
The acceptance and tolerance of many different cultures that exist in proximity to one another. Openness, acceptance, diversity.
What is multiculturalism?
The loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next or does not inspire any strong emotional or cultural ties. Uniform landscape.
What is placelessness?
Areas of the world that share cultural traits such as language families, religious traditions, food preferences, architecture, and/or a shared history. These cultural traits comprise a similar cultural landscape, although not the same.
What is one way that people can spread culture?
As people migrate, they take their cultural traits with them.
As a cultural trait diffuses, the people who adopt it might alter it - think of the game telephone. Things change over distance and time.
What is the friction of distance?
When two cultures’ traits blend and form a new cultural trait. This can happen through contact between people, such as imperialism, military conquest, immigration, or intermarriage.
What is syncretism?
Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards often includes the belief that one’s own culture/ethnic group is better than others.
What is ethnocentrism?
Examples: Common language, ethnicity, religion
What are centripetal forces?
When a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/or political gain.
What is colonialism?
Indo-European language
what is the biggest language family?
Colonialism/Imperialism, Military Conquest, Trade, Migration
What are some historical causes of cultural diffusion?