4.1 and 4.2
European powers gathered to divide up the continent of Africa and establish borders.
Berlin Conference
Control over people, land and resources.
Political Power
▫ 12 nautical miles from the coastline
▫ Complete sovereignty over the water and airspace
▫ Permission of “innocent passage” of foreign ships
Territorial Sea
A style of government in which power is shared between central, regional, and local governments.
Federal
The relative distance between places has been shrinking due to modern advancements in transportation and communication technology.
Time-Space Compression
This treaty was signed to end WWI. It redrew boundaries in Europe and Southwest Asia.
Treaty of Versailles
The use of economic, political, cultural or other pressures in order to control or influence other countries.
Neocolonialism
▫ 200 nautical miles
▫ A state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources such as fishing, whaling, as well as natural resources like natural gas, oil, energy.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
A style of government in which the power is located centrally and the purpose of regional or local units is to carry out policy.
Unitary
Centripetal Forces
Characteristics that unify a country and provide stability.
A group of people with a common identity through shared cultural traits such as language, religion, ethnicity, and heritage.
Nation
Instability within a region that is geographically located between states with overlapping territoriality and political power.
Shatterbelt
Drawing a boundary that is midway between two or more states’ coasts.
Median Line Principle
State governments attack an ethnic group in an attempt to try to elminate them through explusion, imprisonment, or mass murder.
Ethnic Cleansing (Genocide)
Centrifugal Forces
Characteristics that divide a country and create instability, conflict and violence.
The right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders.
Sovereignty
Border that is drawn over existing and accepted borders by an outside force.
Superimposed
Process in which U.S. House of Representative seats are re-allocated to different states, based off of population change.
Reapportionment
The process in which regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.
Devolution
An alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals.
Supranational Organizations
A location within a state that is given authority to govern independently from the national government.
Autonomous or Semi autonomous
Borders that are established before there has been major settlement by people in a territory.
Antecedent
State’s internal political boundaries that determine voting districts for the US House of Representatives and the state legislature. Redrawn to accurately reflect the new census data.
Redistricting
A majority ethnic group wants to claim territory from a neighboring state due to a shared culture with the people residing across the border.
Irredentism
When the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, language, and religion which creates a sense of pride and ties them to the territory.
Ethnonationalism