Aphys Exam#4

Blood & Blood Flow

Respiration and Ventilation

The Kidneys

Fluid & Electrolyte balance

Digestion and Metabolism

100

Which branch of the vascular tree would have the lowest pressure?

a.arteries

b.arterioles

c.capillaries

d.veins

d. veins

100

Which cell is responsible for the production of surfactant?

a.alveolar macrophage

b.endothelial cell

c.type I alveolar cell

d.type II alveolar cell

100

Secretion is

a.the transfer of molecules from extracellular fluid into the tubule lumen.

b.the movement of fluid from blood into nephron.

c.the movement of substances from tubule lumen into blood.

d.the removal of substances from
the body.

a.the transfer of molecules from extracellular fluid into the tubule lumen.

100

What is the role of vasopressin?

a.It causes the body to retain water.

b.It regulates reabsorption of Na+.

c.It stimulates aldosterone secretion.

d.It increases thirst.

a.It causes the body to retain water.

100

Which of the following statements is true about bile salts?

a.They facilitate glucose transport.

b.They facilitate fat digestion.

c.They are released into the lymphatic system.

d.They remove fatty acids from triglyceride molecules.

b.They facilitate fat digestion.

200

Which pressure best represents the driving pressure of the heart?

a.diastolic pressure

b.mean arterial pressure

c.pulse pressure

d.systolic pressure

b.mean arterial pressure

200

Which of the following occurs during quiet expiration?

a.The diaphragm contracts.

b.The alveolar pressure decreases.

c.The external intercostal muscles contract.

d.The thoracic volume decreases.

200

Renal threshold is

a.the transport rate at saturation.

b.the rate of excretion.

c.the plasma concentration at which
saturation occurs.

d.when reabsorption exceeds filtration.

c.the plasma concentration at which
saturation occurs.

200

If a person ingests a large amount of salt without drinking water, which of the following responses is most likely?

a. Increased vasopressin secretion and decreased aldosterone secretion
b. Decreased blood osmolarity and decreased vasopressin secretion
c. Decreased thirst and increased urine output
d. Increased aldosterone secretion and decreased vasopressin secretion

a. Increased vasopressin secretion and decreased aldosterone secretion

200

After absorbed nutrients have entered the bloodstream, what is the first location that the blood reaches after leaving the digestive system?

a.brain

b.heart

c.liver

d.pancreas

c.liver

300

Which of the following forces have the greatest effect on driving capillary filtration?

a.capillary hydrostatic pressure

b.colloid osmotic pressure of the interstitial fluid

c.colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma

d.interstitial hydrostatic pressure

a.capillary hydrostatic pressure

300

What percentage of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood is bound to hemoglobin?

a.7%

b.23%

c.70%

d.98%

b.23%

300

What molecule do the macula densa cells detect to regulate the glomerular filtration rate?

a.H2O

b.NO

c.NaCl

d.urea

c.NaCl

300

Which hormone is up-regulated in response to an increase in blood pressure?

a.aldosterone

b.atrial natriuretic peptide

c.renin

d.vasopressin

b.atrial natriuretic peptide

300

Enzymes responsible for digestion in the lumen of the small intestine are produced in the

a.liver.

b.pancreas.

c.small intestine.

d.stomach.

b.pancreas.

400

Which of the following statements about thrombopoietin is true?

a.It is activated as the first step of hemostasis.

b.It influences growth of red blood cells.

c.It mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells.

d.It is produced in the liver.

400

The central pattern generator that drives the rhythmic breathing pattern is located in the

a.carotid artery.

b.brain stem.

c.aorta.

d.lungs.

b.brain stem.

400

Which region of the nephron is NOT involved in the process of secretion?

a.proximal convoluted tubule

b.loop of Henle

c.distal convoluted tubule

d.collecting duct

b.loop of Henle

400

Which molecule inserted into the apical side of tubular cells increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to H2O?

a.aquaporin-2

b.Na+-K+-ATPase pump

c.NKCC symporter

d.V2 receptor

a.aquaporin-2

400

Which of the following hormones promotes satiety?

a.neuropeptide Y

b.insulin

c.cholecystokinin

d.ghrelin

c.cholecystokinin

500

What is the role of the von Willebrand factor?

a.It binds together platelets.

b.It links platelets to exposed collagen.

c.It promotes platelet aggregation.

d.It promotes vasoconstriction.

b.It links platelets to exposed collagen.

500

Which term is used to describe an increased respiratory rate with decreased depth?

a.apnea

b.dyspnea

c.eupnea

d.tachypnea

500

If Drug A’s clearance is greater than inulin clearance, then which of the following would be true of Drug A?

a.net reabsorption

b.no reabsorption

c.no secretion

d.net secretion

500

Which of the following does NOT happen in response to increased blood pressure?

a.increased GFR

b.natriuretic peptide secretion

c.thirst stimulation

d.decreased sympathetic stimulation of the heart

c.thirst stimulation

500

Which of the following would be a response to high plasma glucose in type I diabetes?

a.decreased ketone production

b.decreased thirst

c.increased blood pressure

d.increased ventilation