Vocabulary
The breakdown of food molecules into their individual components
What is digestion?
Organs that produce sperm
What is testes?
The ________ covers the larynx when a person swallows and opens when the person breathes
What is the epiglottis?
The process of chewing.
What is mastication?
An organism with 2 shells
What is a bivalve?
The process of contraction and relaxation of circular smooth muscle that pushes food through the alimentary canal.
What is peristalsis?
Organs that produce eggs
What are the ovaries?
Digestion is the breakdown of food __________ into their individual components.
What is molecules?
The substance found in saliva that helps to break polysaccharides down into smaller carbohydrates.
What is amylase?
Bile is not a digestive enzyme. It ______________fats, making them easier to digest.
What is emulsifies?
The process of chewing.
What is mastication?
masses of nerve cell bodies
What is ganglia?
________________ is the process of contraction and relaxation of circular smooth muscles which pushes food through the alimentary canal.
What is peristalsis?
The thin layer of loose connective tissues that binds an organ to surrounding tissues or other organs.
What is adventitia?
_____________ increases lower esophageal sphincter tone, decreases pyloric sphincter tone, increases the rate of secretion from the gastric pits, and increases the rate of mixing waves of the stomach.
What is gastrin?
The process of swallowing.
What is deglutition?
An outer layer of cells designed to provide protection
What is the epidermis?
Intrinsic factor allows for the absorption of vitamin __________ by the small intestine.
What is vitamin B-12?
Enterokinase activates what to make trypsin.
What is trypsinogen?
the jellylike substance that separates teh epithelial cells in a cnidarian
What is mesoglea?
an organ covered with teeth that mollusks use to scrape food into their mouths
What is Radula
An inner layer of cells
What is the Endodermis?
The portions of the small intestine beginning at the stomach are _____________, _____________, & ________________.
What is the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum?
Bacteria in the human intestinal tract produces vitamin K, biotin, and what other essential micronutrients?
What is folic acid?
List the three main hormones released by the small intestine and list their effects.
(1) secretin reduces gastric juice production and increases secretion of the acid-neutralizing juice from the pancreas, which increases the pH of the chime. (2) cholecystokinin (CKK) which causes the gall bladder to contract. It also inhibits gastric secretion a bit, but not nearly as much as secretin does. It also increases the secretion of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. (3) gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) which decreases the rate at which the stomach empties