Vocab 1
The transport of dissolved substances into cells
What is absorption?
The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy
What is respiration?
A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of solutes
A rigid structure on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells
What is a cell wall?
A jellylike fluid in which all of the cell organelles are suspended
What is cytoplasm?
The breakdown of absorbed substances
What is Digestion?
The removal of soluble waste materials
What is excretion?
Vacuoles that contain the waste products of digestion
What are waste vacuoles?
A carbohydrate that hardens cellulose
What is pectin?
The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy
What is mitochondria?
The release of biosynthesized substances
What is secretion?
The removal of nonsoluble waste materials
What is Egestion?
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
What is the cytoskeleton?
Walls formed on the inside of the original cell wall that are much more rigid, providing better protection for the contents of the cell.
Non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis
What are ribosomes?
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
What are chromatin?
Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure
What are microtubules?
The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells
What is phagocytosis?
The thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells
What is middle lamella?
An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that perform several tasks within a cell
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Vesicle that holds secretion products so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released
What is a secretion vesicle?
Two functions that cells must perform. One might involve "locomotion," and one sounds like the cell is "cranky."
Movement and irritability
Visicle formed at the plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large molecules
What is a pinocytic vesicle?
The semipermeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cell's surroundings
What is the plasma membrane?
The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell
What are golgi bodies?