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100
Both plants and animals use this as their primary source of immediate energy.
ATP
100
Between ATP and ADP, which one contains more energy?
ATP - has a full charge
100
This is an organic compound giving a specific color to plant or animal cells
pigment
100
This is the process of making glucose from sunlight energy, water, and carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis
100
Photosynthesis occurs in two main stages:
Light Reactions and Calvin Cycle (or light-independent reactions)
100
Electrons lose some of this when traveling through the ETC (Electron Transport Chain)
Energy
100
In mitochondria, the inner membrane is highly and complexly folded. Each fold is called this
crista
100
The link reaction stage of Cellular Respiration has what function
breaks down pyruvic acid (made from glycolosis) and a protein is attached to the remains.
100
The cellular process of producing ATP anaerobically (without oxygen) is called
Fermentation
200
ATP stands for this
adenisine triphosphate
200
Which component of ATP is removed during the release of energy?
the last phosphate
200
This is a group of pigments found in algae and green plants that are essential for photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
200
These are the compenents needed for photosynthesis
sunlight energy, water, carbon dioxide
200
The Light-Reaction stage of photosynthesis takes place in the ..... of the chloroplast
thylakoid
200
this is the process of releasing broken-down glucose and energy
Cellular Respiration
200
Why is the function of crista in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
greatly increase the surface area available for reactions to take place.
200
This stage of cellular respiration is where carbon dioxide is used to complete the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules which releases energy
Krebs cycle
200
The two types of fermentation are:
lactic acid and alcoholic fementation
300
ADP stands for this
Adeninsine Diphosphate
300
Which stores more energy: glucose molecule or ATP molecule?
glucose
300
this pigment absorbs blue-green and violet but reflects yellows and oranges
carotenoids
300
This is the gel-like fluid found inside the inner membrane of the chloroplast
stroma
300
The Light-Independent Reaction (or Calvin Cycle) takes place in the .... of the chloroplast
Stroma
300
Cellular Respiration occurs in a 4-step process. What are these steps?
Glycolysis, the Link Reaction, the Krebs cycle, and ETC
300
This is the gel-like fluid inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria where the Link Reaction and the Krebs Cycle occur
matrix
300
The last stage of Cellular Respiration is
Electron Transport Claim
300
This fermentation is the breakdown of glucose performed by muscle cells when exercising hard; or by red blood cells which lack mitochondria
Lactic Acid
400
These are the 3 types of cellular work
Mechanical, Chemical, Transport
400
Draw and label an ATP molecule
400
this pigment absorbs blue, blue-green and green light while reflecting red
anthocyanins
400
Photosynthesis takes place in this part of the plant cell
chloroplast
400
This is a cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in the thylakoid memebrane that absorbs light energy
photosystems
400
Which three of the four stages of Cellular Respiration stages produce ATP?
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and ETC
400
The first stage of Cellular Respiration where glucose is split in half.
glycolysis
glyco - having to do with sugar
lysis - breakdown
400
During Cellular Respiration, the Electron Transport Chain occurs in the ..... of the cell
folded inner membrane of the mitochondria
400
This fermentation is performed mainly by yeast
alcoholic fermentation
500
These three components make up ATP
adenine, ribose, and phosphate
500
This is the transfer of energy when a phosphate group is moved between molecules
phosphorylation
500
Leaves change from green to yellows, oranges, and reds during autumn. Explain why the yellows, oranges, and reds aren't visible in the summer?
During summer months, leaves contain an overwhelming amount of chlorophyll, which hides the other pigments. In autumn, shorter daylight hours and changing temperatures break down the amount of chlorophyll, which allows the other pigments to shine.
500
This is the disk-shaped sac in the stroma where light reactions of photosynthesis take place.
thylakoid
500
When light hits the photosystem, the pigment molecules absorb energy. As this happens, electrons in the pigment molecule become excited and move faster and faster and can break free from the molecule. When this occurs, the electrons jump to a protein in the thylakoid membrane. The electrons are then passed from one protein to another. This is called
Electron Transport Chain
500
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic
Aerobic = requires oxygen
Anaerobic = without oxygen
500
Glycolysis produces this:
pyruvic acid
500
In which cycle of Cellular Respiration is the most ATP created?
The ETC
500
What is the FINAL net gain of ATP produced during Cellular Respiration
38 ATP