Apologia Chemistry Modules 8-10 Q3 Review

Definitions

100

Most atoms strive to attain 8 valence electrons

What is the octet rule?

200

Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the concentration

What is dilution?

300

Purely Covalent bond

What is a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved?

400

Polar Covalent bond

What is a covalent molecule in which electrons are shared unequally between the atoms involved?

500

Molarity

What is a concentration unit that tells the # of moles of a substance per liter of solution?

Polyatomic Ions

100

OH^-

What is a hydroxide ion?

200

Ammonium

What is NH₄⁺?

300

NO₂^-

What is nitrite?

400

Cr₂O₇^2-

What is dichromate?

500

Acetate

What is C₂H₃O₂^-?

Chemical Formulas and Names

100

Potassium Hydroxide

What is KOH?

200

Na₂CO₃

What is sodium carbonate?

300

Aluminum Phosphate

What is AlPO₄?

400

Calcium Nitrate

What is Ca(NO₃)₂?

500

Tin (IV) Chloride

What is SnCl₄?

Acid/Base Chemistry

100

Tastes bitter, slippery to touch

What is a base?

200

Tastes sour, conducts electricity in water

What is an acid?

300

Ionization potential and Electronegativity

What periodic properties increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom?

400

Atomic radius

What periodic property increases from top to bottom of the periodic table?

500

Blue to red

What acids do to litmus paper?

Problem Solving

100

Give the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs between nitric acid(HNO₃) and magnesium hydroxide.

What is 2HNO₃ + Mg(OH)₂ -> Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O?

200

Given that NH₃ is a base, determine the reaction that occurs between H₂CO₃ and NH₃ and give the balanced chemical equation.

What is H₂CO₃ + 2NH₃ -> 2NH₄⁺ + CO₃^2-?

300

A chemist needs to make 500.00 mL of a 5.0 M solution of sulfuric acid. She finds a bottle of 10.00 M sulfuric acid. How can the desired solution be made?

You must add (250 mL) 2.5 x 10² mL of 10.00 M solution to 250.00 mL of water.

400

A chemist reacts 10.0 mL of 4.0 M sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) with excess sodium hydroxide. How many grams of sodium sulfate will be produced?

5.7 grams of Na₂SO₄ (sodium sulfate)?

500

To find out the concentration of some Mg(OH)₂, a chemist titrates a 100.0 mL sample of the solution with 25.0 mL of a 5.0 M HNO₃ to reach the titration endpoint, what is the concentration of the Mg(OH)₂?

.63 M Mg(OH)₂