Biodiversity
The scientific study of plant life, including their structure, growth and reproduction.
What is Botany? (pg. 316)
These reproductive units are produced by seedless vascular plants like ferns and horsetails, allowing them to disperse without flowers or seeds.
What are spores? (pg. 323)
Plants make their own food through this process.
What is photosynthesis? (pg. 317)
This basic kind of leaf has it's blade divided into multiple, distinct leaflets attached to a single stalk.
What is a compound leaf? (pg. 318)
Extending from the surface to about 200 meters, this the only ocean layer where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the sunlight layer? (or Epipelagic Zone) (pg. 337)
The study of the anatomy, physiology, behavior and classification of the animals in creation.
What is Zoology? (pg. 327)
The major difference between herbaceous stems and woody stems is this protective, thick outer layer.
What is bark? (pg. 322)
The green colored pigment in a leaf that absorbs light energy so that plants can make food.
What is chlorophyll? (pg. 217)
This leaf shape is what we would find on pine trees.
What is needlelike? (pg. 319)
This ocean layer extends from 4000 m to 6000 m. It receives no sunlight and is characterized by near freezing temperatures and is topographically flat and vast.
What is the abyss layer or abyssopelagic zone?
While invertebrates lack one, all vertebrates possess this internal, bony structure that supports the body and protects the spinal cord.
What is a backbone (or spine)? (pg. 327)
These trees produce two types of cones: small pollen cones and larger woody seed cones.
What are conifers? (pg. 323)
This term describes trees that drop their leaves to conserve energy during winter.
What is deciduous? (pg. 321)
This stalk connects the leaf blade to the stem of the plant.
What is a petiole? (pg. 318)
This ocean layer begins at 6,000m and extends to the deepest parts of the ocean. It is characterized by extremely deep and narrow steep-sided canyons where it is very dark and cold with extreme pressure.
What is the trench layer or the hadalpelagic zone?
The study of heredity and the process of passing down genes to the next generation, and how organisms inherit characteristics.
What is genetics? (pg. 328)
This type of plant completes its entire life cycle - from germination to seed production - in one growing season before dying.
What is an annual? (pg. 318)
During photosynthesis the plant makes glucose (a simple sugar), but if not used right away glucose is stored in these long chains of sugar molecules.
What are starches? (pg. 317)
This term that describes the boundary area and appearance of a leaf's edge.
What is leaf margin?
Sunlight can reach this ocean layer which spans from 200 m to 1,000 m but not enough to allow for photosynthesis, and 90% of organisms in this layer are bioluminescent.
What is the twilight layer or mesopelagic zone?
A community of organisms that interact with each other and their physical environment.
What is an ecosystem? (pg. 336)
This is a specialized tissue responsible for transporting water, minerals and nutrients throughout the entire plant.
What is vascular tissue? (pg. 322)
When it is time for a plant to utilize its food, it undergoes this process.
What is cellular respiration? (pg. 316)
Unlike opposite or alternate, this type of leaf arrangement features three or more leaves arising from a single node, encircling the stem.
What is whorled? (pg. 319)
This ocean layer is from 1000 to 4000 m. No sunlight can reach it, therefore is the first layer of absolute darkness.
What is the midnight layer or the mesopelagic zone?