Apologia General Science Module 4

Vocabulary

100

The amount by which force or motion is magnified in a simple machine

Mechanical advantage

200

What is force?

 A push or pull exerted on an object in an effort to change that object's velocity

300

What is circumference (including the formula)?

The distance around a circle, 3.1416 times the circle's diameter

400

What's the definition of Rube Goldberg?

Doing by complex means what could be done simply.

500

Effort is exerted along the ________ of an inclined plane but against the _______________ of a wedge.

slope

short side

Mechanical Advantage Formulas

100

The formula for mechanical advantage of a lever

The distance from fulcrum to effort / the distance from fulcrum to resistance

200

The formula for mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle

Diameter of wheel / diameter of axle

300

The formula for mechanical advantage of a pulley

The number of pulleys used

400

The formula for mechanical advantage of a screw

Circumference / pitch

500

The formula for mechanical advantage of a wedge

The length of slope / total height

What's the Advantage?

100

A block and tackle uses two pulleys. What is the mechanical advantage (MA)?

 2

200

What is the MA of a wedge that has a length of slope 20 feet and a height of 3 feet?

 6.66

300

What is the MA of a wheel and axle if the diameter of the wheel is 6 inches and the diameter of the axle is 3 inches?

2 

400

What is the MA of a screw if the circumference is 40 inches and the pitch is 5 inches?

 8 

500

What is the MA of a screw that has a diameter of 30cm and a pitch of 2cm?

 47.1

Science, Technology and Machines

100

An experiment to find a better gasoline mixture for automobiles would be what type of experiment?

Applied science (useful)

200

A spray that when sprayed around a campsite keeps bears away is an example of ?

Technology

300

A lever in which the effort is in the middle.

What is a 3rd-class lever?

400

Technology is often a result of what 3 things?

Science, applied science, or accident

500

A pencil sharpener is made up of what 2 simple machines?

Wheel and axle

Screw

Miscellaneous

100

Which 2 simple machines look identical?

Inclined plane

Simple wedge

200

A 3rd class lever magnifies what?

Speed

300

What are the 6 types of simple machines?

lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, screw

400

Does a single or double wedge have more MA and why?

Single because a double wedge has twice the height (the more height, the smaller the MA)

500

Explain the difference in MA for a wheel and axle

Turning the wheel magnifies force

Turning the axle magnifies speed