Module 1
A system of knowledge and the process used to find that knowledge
What is Science?
Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)
What is matter?
Electrons that are in the highest energy level (the energy level farthest from the nucleus) of an atom of an element
What are valence electrons?
A force of attraction between atoms or groups of atoms
What is a chemical bond?
Compounds made of only two elements
What are binary compounds?
A possible, testable explanation for an observation
What is a hypothesis?
The energy an object has due to its motion
What is kinetic energy?
A region of space around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found
What are orbitals?
The force of attraction between molecules of the same substance so that they tend to stay together
What is cohesion?
A chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single compound
What is a synthesis reaction?
Gathering information using senses or with the aid of instruments
What is observation?
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance and contains only one type of atom
What is an element?
An atom is composed of these three subatomic particles
What is a proton, neutron, and a nucleus?
A notation indicating the elements in a compound and the ratios of the atoms of each element
What is a chemical formula?
A chemical reaction in which two compounds exchange positive ions and form new compounds
What is a double replacement reaction?
A factor that changes in an experiment
Matter can be classified into these three states
What are solids, liquids, and gases?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change forms
What is the Law of conservation of mass?
A chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons
What is a covalent bond?
A chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings
What is an exothermic reaction?
An in-depth explanation of a range of phenomena in the natural world that has been thoroughly tested and is supported by a significant amount of evidence
The smallest unit of a chemical compound, composed of two or more atoms bonded together
What is a molecule?
Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
A molecule that has slight positive and negative charges due to an imbalance in the way electrons are shared
What is a polar molecule?
A chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light
What is a combustion reaction?