Define This
The study of planet Earth, including its physical structure, its composition, its history, and the processes that act on it.
Geology p 407
Croation scientist Andrija Mohorovicic was the first to make use of this data.
information gathered by seismographs p409
Any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediment.
Weathering p427
What it is called when rocks containing iron turn red.
Oxidation p430
Three types of rocks
Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic p415
The sum of all water on a planet is called this.
Hydrosphere p 421
Mohorovicic discontinuity (or Moho for short) describes this.
The boundary between Earth's crust and the beginning of the Earth's mantle. p410
Two forms of weathering.
mechanical weathering and chemical weathering ,p427-429
Curves created when fast-moving water slams into the far side of a river.
Meanders p432
Solid, naturally-occurring, inorganic substances that have a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure.
Minerals p416
Evaporation of water from plants.
Transpiration p422
This scientist used data from analyzing seismic waves to conclude that there is another drastic change in the makeup of the Earth significantly below the Moho, and this discontinuity named after him signals the beginning of the Earth's core
Beno Gutenberg p412
The process that moves sediment.
Erosion p431
Two different land features formed when sediments from rivers are deposited as their flow slows entering larger bodies of water.
alluvial fans and deltas p433
Two of the four components of granite rock
Quartz, mica, potassium, and plagioclase feldspar p416
Water falling from the atmosphere as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
Precipitation p423
This scientist's work with seismic waves led her to realize that the core actually has a solid inner region.
Inge Lehmann p413
Large boulders dropped by moving or melting glaciers
glacial erratics p437
Mineral structures found in caves formed by water dripping from the ceiling.
Stalactites and stalagmites p434
Four of the six properties of minerals
Crystal structure, color, streak, luster, hardness, and fracture/cleavage p417-418
Evaporation and condensation of a mixture to separate out the mixture's individual components.
Distillation p425
The border between the outer core and inner core of the Earth is called this.
The Lehmann discontinuity p413
The difference between erosion and weathering
Weathering breaks down rocks into sediment, and erosion carries the sediment away. p427 and 431
The Great Lakes are this type of lake formed by chunks of ice left behind by retreating glaciers
kettle lakes p437
A series of processes in which forces within Earth and at the surface cause rocks to continuously change from one type to another.
The rock cycle p419