Constitutional Key Terms
political system in which power resides with the consent of the people whom vote in representatives to exercise that power for them
Republicanism
France was removed from North America; Great Britain was in massive debt, began to consolidate control over colonies - taxes; many colonists resisted
Impact of the 7 Years’ War
Inspired by Common Sense and Enlightenment ideals, was a list of colonial grievances sent to King George; later inspired France and countries in Latin America to experience revolutions
Declaration of Independence
Plan to establish a banking system, tax whiskey, and raise tariffs to protect American Imports
Alexander Hamilton's Financial Plan (Later think Henry Clay's American System)
Passed under Articles - banned slavery in NW territory (OH, MI, IN, etc.); created a process for admitting new states (60,000 inhabitants)
Northwest Land Ordinance
political system where power is divided between the states and federal government to limit the authority of the Federal Government --> prevent tyranny
Federalism
Written by T-Paine, and Enlightenment thinker. Urged that the colonies should break away from Great Britain. his reasons were based on Enlightenment ideas
Common Sense
First governing document of US - created a WEAK central government; issues with trade - different currencies in each state, tariffs on goods traded between states. Shay's rebellion highlighted that weakness of this early document
Articles of Confederation
Washington quelled this up rise by marching troops and it showed the strengthen of the executive branch under the new Constitution
Whiskey Rebellion
Colonists' familiarity with the land; political and military leadership (Washington); ideological commitment (Natural Rights); Support from European Allies (France after Saratoga)
Reasons for Patriot Victory in the Revolutionary War
the idea that each branch of the government should have its own responsibilities and limitations
separation of powers
The British government abandoned the policy of (BLANK), leading to the strict enforcement of the Navigation Acts. Colonists began smuggling.
Salutary Neglect
Replaced the Articles - series of compromises (Great, 3/5, Slave Trade); provided limits on federal power (separation of powers); did not address problems of slavery. 3 Branches: Executive, Judicial, & Legislative --> Checks & Balances
Constitution
Warned of entangling foreign alliances and political parties; helped inspire foreign policy until after WWII
Washington's Farewell Address
Expectation that women would instill Republican values in children and be active in families; helped increase education for women
Republican Motherhood
each branch of the government can exercise control/limit the power of a different branch
checks & balances
Prohibited Colonial settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains which was to be preserved for the Native Americans
Proclamation Line of 1763
Added AFTER the Constitutional Convention; created to gain support of anti-Federalists; guaranteed rights of individuals KNOW THESE 10 Amendments
Bill of Rights
How did Thomas Jefferson & Alexander Hamilton differ in their interpretation of the Constitution
Hamilton=Loose Interpretation (Elastic Clause)
Jefferson=Strict Interpretation
These acts were passed to punish Boston by closing their Harbor for the Boston Tea Party, boycotts, protests, and tar/feathering tax collectors led the Sons of Liberty
Intolerable Acts
What is the role of the Supreme Court & which justice established this role?
Determine laws Constitutionality & John Marshal
How did John Locke's idea of the Social Contract (consent of the governed) lead to the Revolutionary War
No taxation without representation
Explain the compromises made to form our Bicameral Congress. Think about the debate over representation
The Virginia Plan + the New Jersey Plan= The Great Compromise
Limited Free Speech during the French Quasi War uner John Adams Administration
Alien & Sedition Acts
What are the two earliest sign of colonial political union?
Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union and the Committee of Correspondence