Era of Jefferson
This event was called the "Revolution of 1800" because it marked the peaceful transfer of power between rival political parties, the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.
What is the election of 1800?
This conflict was caused by British impressment, the arming of Native Americans, and American desires for expansion into British territory.
What is the War of 1812?
What is the cotton gin?
This belief glorified the role of women in domestic life (homemaking and child-bearing) as industrialization changed traditional family roles.
What is the "cult of domesticity" (or separate spheres)?
This practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs became widespread during the Jackson era.
What is the "spoils system" (or patronage)?
This landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial peaceful review, granting the Court the authority to interpret the Constitution and determine the constitutionality of laws.
This battle made Andrew Jackson a national hero, even though it was technically fought after the peace treaty was signed.
What is the Battle of New Orleans?
The development of this infrastructure, including the Erie Canal and others, connected regional markets and reduced shipping costs, helping to create a national econnomy.
What are canals/roads/railroads (transportation networks)?
This was the primary cash crop that dominated the Southern economy and reinforced the institution of slavery.
What is cotton?
Suffrage was expanded during this period to include most adult white men, regardless of property ownership, increasing voter turnout.
Jefferson faced a constitutional dilemma regarding this major land acquisition, as the Constitution did not explicitly grant the president the power to purchase foreign land.
This agreement, negotiated by John Quincy Adams, established the border between the US and Canada along the 49th parallel and provided for the joint occupation of the Oregon Territory.
What is the Treaty of 1818 (or Rush-Bagot Treaty)?
The Lowell System in New England is a key example of this new labor source, where young, single women worked in factories before returning to traditional domestic roles.
What is factory labor/women in the workforce?
The influx of these two immigrant groups in the 1840s and 1850s provided a large, cheap labor source for Northern factories and led to an increase in nativist sentiment.
Who are the Irish and the Germans?
This new political party emerged in opposition to"King Andrew" Jackson, advocating for Henry Clay's American System and a strong federal government.
What is the Whig Party?
Jefferson's foreign policy to British and French impressment of American sailors, this act outlawed American ships sailing to foreign ports and ended up devastating port city economies.
What is the Embargo Act of 1807?
This foreign policy statement warned European nations against further colonization or intervention in the Western Hemisphere, establishing the US as the dominant power in the Americas.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
This economic plan, proposed by Henry Clay, included protective tariffs a national bank, and federal funding for internal improvements to link the country economically.
What is the American System?
This term described the idea that individuals could improve themselves through hard work and determination, a concept that spread during the Market Revolution and inspired social reform movements.
What is individualism (or social mobility)?
This congressional agreement temporarily eased sectional tensions by admitting Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state, and establishing the 36 30 degree parallel as the boundary for new slave territories.
What is the Missouri Compromise of 1820?
Jefferson attempted to impeach this Federal Supreme Court justice, but he was acquitted, which established the precedent that judged could not be removed for purely political reasons.
Who is Samuel Chase?
The US gained Florida through this treaty, in which Spain also ceded its claims to the Oregon Territory.
What is the Adams-Onis Treaty (or Transcontinental Treaty of 1819)?
The Supreme Court case Gibbons v Ogden reinforced federal power over this aspect of the economy, ruling that national government regulated it, not individual states.
What is interstate commerce?
This technological innovation in communications, invented by Samuel Morse, allowed for faster long-distance communication and further connected the growing nation.
What is the telegraph?
This was a series of religious revivals that inspired many antebellum reform movements such as abolitionism, temperance, and women's rights.
What is the Second Great Awakening?