The Problems of Peacemaking
What dilemma did Lincoln face in 1865?
Navigating the end of the war. Beginning reconstruction.
What did the 14th Amendment do? 15th Amendment?
Prohibited the denial of a citizens vote.
What role did African Americans plan in the politics of the South?
Backbone of the republican party.
Describe Ulysses S. Grant
Union general, who helped win the civil war.
Give me 3 industries that helped spark a revival for the South
Textiles, tobacco, steel manufacturing.
What was the situation for many people in the South after the Civil War?
Destroyed infrastructure, ruined farmland, worthless currency, and lots of poverty.
What was Congress’ final plan for Reconstruction?
The radical reconstruction passed by president Andrew Johnson.
Explain how/why corruption existed in Reconstruction Governments.
It was an era of political divisions that turned into political restructuring, economic dislocation, and weakened the rule of law.
What is patronage and the Spoils System?
Political system where winners of an election award government jobs and favors to people based on merit.
Who worked in Southern factories? Why?
Poor white farmers, women, children, and enslaved peoples.
What did African Americans in the South do during AND after the war?
African Americans served/worked for the union, afterward working on voting rights, political positions
What was the tenure of office Act? What did it ultimately lead to?
Restricted president Andrew Johnson's power by requiring senate approval before implementing any removal of senate members.
How did education change in the South during reconstruction?
Turned into universal public education.
Explain the Credit Mobilier scandal.
A fraud scheme where the Union pacific railroad pretended to create a construction company and billed the government millions of dollars for it.
How did African Americans fit into an industrialized South?
A low wage, marginalized workforce, transitioning from slavery to sharecropping.
How did former slaves differ on their views of freedom?
Many prioritized a normal life in terms of family norms, land ownership, jobs etc. while other people remained at previous jobs or plantations to finish out service.
Who was a scalawag?
Southerners who supported the republican party
What was Sharecropping? How is this similar/different from slavery?
Post-civil war agricultural system where land owners allowed for tenants to use land equipment in exchange for a large share of the crop.
What was the Greenback debate? How do we get our money back today?
It was a post civil war conflict whether to maintain paper money or switch to gold.
Explain the loop that kept sharecroppers in poverty.
A cycle of financial dependence, high interest credit.
What was the Freedman’s Bureau? Was it effective?
It was a program that helped freedmen get food, clothes ,education and temporary shelter.
Who was a carpetbagger?
Northers who moved to the south for economic profits.
What were the effects of the crop-lien system on blacks? Southern agriculture?
Farmers became shackled to landowners, forcing a shift to cash-crop productions.
What was Seward’s Folly?
Nickname for the purchase of Alaska.
Outline Washington’s philosophy of race relations as described in his Atlanta Compromise Speech.
The speech's goal was to foster racial harmony and reduce conflict.