Important Documents in the English Colonies
Agreement to form a majoritarian government in Plymouth; created a foundation for self-government in the colonies.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
Armed conflict between royalists and parliamentarians in England; resulted in a victory for the parliamentarians and the execution of Charles I.
What is the English Civil War?
Who is William Penn?
Began the Protestant Reformation when he nailed his list of grievances against the Catholic Church to a Cathedral.
Who is Martin Luther?
Small group of Puritans who wished to break away from the Church of England entirely; settled in Holland originally then moved to Plymouth Bay, MA later.
Who are Separatists?
Laws passed to regulate colonial shipping; these laws favored England highly and left many colonists angered.
What are Navigation Laws?
Union created by royal authority which incorporated all of New England, New York, and East and West Jersey; Put under the rule of Sir Edmund Andros who treated the residents very poorly.
What is the Dominion of New England?
First governor of MA Bay Colony and devout Puritan who ensured the prosperity of a newly established colony and enforce Puritan orthodoxy.
Who is John Winthrop?
Protestant reformer whose religious teachings formed the theological basis for the New England Puritans and other Old World religious groups; argued humans were weak and an all-powerful God predestined select individuals.
Who is John Calvin?
English Protestant reformers who wished to purify the Church of England of Catholic rituals and creeds.
Who are the Puritans?
Guaranteed toleration to all Christians as long as they proclaimed the divinity of Jesus Christ.
What is the Act of Toleration?
Assaults by Metacom, King Philip, on English settlements; slowed westward migration of New England settlers.
What is the King Philip's War? (or Metacom's War)
Advoacted for a complete break from the Church of England and criticized MA Bay Colony for their treatment towards the Indians; banished for his heresies and established a community in present day RI.
Who is Roger Williams?
Assumed the throne with the restoration of the monarchy in 1660; sought to establish firm control over the colonies which ended period of relative independence on the American mainland.
Who is Charles II?
Dominant theological credo of the New England Puritans which taught that only the elect was destined for salvation.
What is Calvinism?
First formal statute governing the treatment of slaves; offered the harsh treatment against offending slaves and lacked penalties for the mistreatment of slaves by their masters.
What is the Barbados Slave Code of 1661?
Clashes between English settlers and Pequot Indians: ended in the slaughter of the Pequot Indians by the Puritans.
What is the Pequot War?
Leader of separatist Pilgrims who came from Holland from England; sailed on the Mayflower and helped to establish the first English colony in MA.
Who is William Bradford?
Couple was installed to the British throne during the Glorious Revolution, relaxed control over colonies which began a period of salutary neglect.
Who is William III and Mary II?
Intense religious experience that confirmed an individual's place among the 'elect.'
What is conversion?
Document was the first modern constitution which established a democratically controlled government.
What are the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
Began with an Indian attack on Newbern, North Carolina; after the Tuscaroras were defeated the remaining Indian survivors migrated northward and joined the Iroquois Confederacy.
What is the Tuscarora War?
Religious dissenter who was brought to trial for heresy in MA Bay after arguing she did not need to follow God's laws or man's claiming direct revelation from God; banished from the Puritan colony and moved to RI.
Who is Anne Hutchinson?
Administrator of the Dominion of New England who established strict control over the colonists in this area; was dispatched to England as a result of the Glorious Revolution.
Who is Sir Edmond Andros?
Calvinist doctrine that God has foreordained some people to be saved and some to be damned.
What is predestination?