Origins of Southern Middle Class
The southerners turned to what people for educational reforms?
The Northerners
What city is the Document referring to?
New York
Who were helping the slaves while still owning them
Southerners
What was Sylvester Graham known for?
Graham Crackers
Who were the "pawns" of a plot by the European monarchies?
Catholic immigrants
What are the four main jobs that emerged in the south?
What was the issue with the city?
It was very dirty. The water was contaminated and the streets so dirty people forgot they were paved.
How did these people help their slaves
Education, medical care, included in worship, mainly worked for a better way of personal servitude.
What did Graham promote in the 1830's
Vegetarianism and homemade bread
What was the Second Great Awakening?
A period of innovation and creativity extending religion
How did the Southern people learn about Northern education?
Though newspapers and magazines they read.
What did the government do to fix the problem? What was an affect of it?
They pushed to clean the streets and it affected the poor's ability to use their areas as they wish.
What was the main goal of the Unitarians?
Individual freedom for all.
What will rich foods lead to?
Disease, madness, masturbation, and social decline
What were the conspiracy's about the European Catholics?
They would overturn the US government in attempts to destroy democracy.
How did the South start these reforms?
By finding Northern teachers, superintendents, and other officials to help spark their new education ideas
Who was most affected by the improvements of the streets and how?
The poor who lived on the streets relied on the trash to feed their animals and lives as they struggled to make money to survive.
How did they show their main goal?
By trying for abolishment of the slave trade and slavery in the south
What where Graham's ideas called
Perfectionism
Why was Catholicism denounced by the American democracy?
It was incompatible with the ideas of the US government about unelected clergy such as the pope.
Why did the South want educational reforms?
Due to peoples in beliefs in public schooling as well as the influence of Horace Mann
What caused it to be so dirty?
It was becoming too quickly urbanized as it became a sanctuary for immigrants and Americans. Government of New York was failing as well.
What benefits came from these ideas?
it gave the slaves a bit of freedom to them such as being able to go to church or get educated. Also leads to new ideas in the North about slavery and the wish to abolish it.
What caused Graham to think like this?
Religious revivals in the 1820's
What is an example of theological innovation due to the second Great Awakening?
New religions were born