Unit 1
Which country created the Encomienda System?
Spain
What was the first permanent settlement of the English in North America?
Jamestown (1607)
What is one of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
No power to tax
Weak central government
One branch
Not reactive
Shays Rebellion
What doubled the size of the United States?
Louisiana Purchase
What is one result of the Mexican American War?
New Territory - Mexican Cession
Slavery Debates
Civil War?
Where was the Constitutional Convention held?
Philadelphia
What changes allowed for the Europeans being able to "discover" North America?
Sailing Compass and Improvements in Shipbuilding
What is the purpose of mercantilism?
Mercantilism: Country's wealth is determined by how much more exports than imports.
What was key for the United States being about to win the American Revolution?
Alliance with France
Determination
Explain how the Market Revolution changed at least two of the three things. (Agriculture, Transportation, and Communication)
Agriculture: Steel Plow, Mechanical Reaper
Transportation: Roads, Canals, Steam Engines/boats, Railroads
Communication: Telegraph
What is the result of Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas?
Birth of the Republican Party
How many U.S. States do we have in 1877?
38
(Colorado 1876)
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Transfer of European plants, animals, and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other.
What is an indentured servant?
Someone who worked forced labor once they got over to the colonies for around 7 years.
Name 2 of the 4 things Washington warned about in his farewell address.
Not form political parties
Not fall into sectionalism
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
To prevent any more European intereference in Americas. U.S. would fight/stop any European country trying to expand into South America.
List 4 of the parts of the compromise of 1850.
1) Cali is a free state
2) New Fugitive Slave Law
3) Banned Slave Trade in D.C.
4) Texas/New Mexico territory borders
5) Divide Mexican Cession into Utah and New Mexico territories
U.S. Population in 1800
5.3 million
900k were enslaved
Describe the difference between the English and Spanish when it came to Native Americans.
English: Focused on themselves and did not want to interactions with Natives/Fought with them
Spainish: Used the natives a labor source and wanted to convert them to Christianity.
Describe the economy of the New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies.
New England: Logging, shipbuilding, fishing, trading.
Middle: Wheat and Corn. Small manufactoring and trading
South: Small and large plantations of cotton and other crops.
Slavery
Representation
Presidency
Slavery - 3/5th Compromise
Rep - House of Rep is population and Senate is 2 per state
Presidency - ELected by Electoral College
Explain one way President Jackson was democratic and autocratic.
Democratic: "Common Man", all white men suffrage, nomination conventions, more people involved in the process
Autocratic: Indian Removal Act, Nullification Crisis, National Bank Veto
Why is President Johnson impeached?
Tenure of Office Act
What year were the first enslaved Africans brought to American colonies?
1619
What percentage of Native Americans died due to the Columbian Exchange?
90%
What was the impact of the First Great Awakening?
Religious: New demoninations of Protestants. People called for stricter separation of church and state. Lose of power in ministers as religion became more individiual.
Political: Distrust in authority.
What were the three parts to Hamilton's Financial Program?
1) Pay off national debt
2) High Tariffs
3) National Bank
What caused the Second Great Awakening?
What were the major effects of the SGA?
Causes: Growing emphasis on democracy/individualism, rational approaches, market revolution increased fear of sin/greed, disruptions of the market revolution.
Effects: More religious groups and growth in social reforms (women, education, and anti-slavery)
What were the four governmental acts made by Congress during the Civil War for economic promotion?
Morrill Tariff Act
Morrill Land Grant Act
Homestead Act
Pacific Railway Act
How long was William Henry Harrison in office?
31 Days