UNIT 1
What was the main crop for agriculture in the Americas before European arrival?
Maize
Which New England colony was founded by dissenters seeking religious freedom from the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Rhode Island
What was the name of the 1763 British proclamation that forbade colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains?
The Proclamation of 1763
What 1820 political agreement temporarily resolved the issue of slavery's expansion by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state?
The Missouri Compromise
The 1848 treaty that ended the Mexican-American War and ceded the Mexican Cession to the United States was named after what location?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The 1862 law that granted 160 acres of public land to settlers was known as what?
The Homestead Act.
The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas divided newly discovered lands outside of Europe between which two rival Catholic nations?
Spain and Portugal
The Mayflower Compact (1620) and the Virginia House of Burgesses (1643) are early examples of what foundational American political principle?
Self-government OR representative government OR the social contract
The Federalist Papers were written by three men. Who were they? And what were the Federalist papers advocating for?
Hamilton, Madison, and Jay AND Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
What is the term for the 19th-century belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent?
Manifest Destiny.
The Supreme Court's 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford decision ruled that Congress lacked the power to do what in the territories? Thereby ruling this previous agreement unconstitutional.
To prohibit slavery (the Missouri Compromise)
The 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld "separate but equal" was called what?
Plessy v. Ferguson
Which Spanish priest became a vocal critic of the encomienda system, advocating for the rights of Native Americans
Bartolomé de las Casas
The system where Europeans worked for passage to the colonies for a set number of years was known as what
Indentured servitude
This legislative body governed the colonies during the Revolutionary War?
(The Second) Continental Congress
Which Supreme Court Case established the concept of judicial review? and who was the Chief Justice who handed down this ruling?
Marbury vs. Madison AND John Marshal
What was the primary Union strategy, involving a naval blockade and control of the Mississippi River, to defeat the Confederacy called?
The Anaconda Plan
In one word, what was the primary goal of the "New South" movement championed by Southern promoters after Reconstruction?
Industrialization
What is the term for the transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds after 1492
The Columbian Exchange
What was the primary purpose of the Navigation Acts passed by the British Parliament in the 17th century?
"Mercantilism" OR "make England Rich" OR "To Regulate Colonial Trade"
What were the two main failings of the Articles of Confederation? and which uprising exposed these weaknesses?
No ability to collect taxes or raise an Army, AND Shays' Rebellion
Andrew Jackson won this battle in the War of 1812? and later when President, Jackson would use this Presidential power more than everyone who came before him combined?
The Battle of New Orleans, AND The Veto
What group of people were primarily responsible for passing the 14th and 15th Amendment, and for establishing the Freedmen's Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
Radical Republicans
What was the name of the Italian who England hired, who led the first English exploration of North America in 1497 - thereby establishing a blueprint for future English settlement.
"John Cabot" (Giovani Caboto)
The Dutch originally settled New York City. What name did the Dutch call the City, and what river in New York City situated at the mouth of, that allowed the Dutch to trade with a vast network of natives?
New Amsterdam AND The Hudson River
What were the 3 parts of Hamilton's Financial Plan?
Pay off the debt, protective tariffs, start a national bank
This man was the only man to serve as Vice President under two different Presidents in two different parties. Who is the man, and who were the Presidents?
Calhoun, AND Adams and Jackson
Which President got elected due to the bargaining in the "Compromise of 1877"?
Rutherford B. Hayes
Henry Clay negotiated the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, but what other sticky situation did ne help negotiate the country out of?
TIEBREAKER: Clay held 3 official roles in the Gov. during his career. what were they?
The Nullification Crisis
Congressman/Representative (Speaker of the House), Senator, and Secretary of State