Period 1
Spanish priest who argued against brutal Spanish treatment and cited disease, forced labor, and high mortality among Native peoples.
Who was Bartolome de Las Casas?
the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism and colonization.
What is mercantilism?
The North American conflict of the global Seven Years' War, fought between Great Britain and France, along with their Native American allies, primarily over control of the Ohio River Valley and vast colonial territories.
What is the French and Indian War?
Religious movement that spurred religious revivalism and reform movements: temperance, abolitionism, women’s rights (Seneca Falls, Declaration of Sentiments), educational reforms.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
Agreement that shifted the balance of power in the Senate to the North by admitting California as a free state.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
In their colonization of the Americas, the Spanish used this system to organize and regulate Native American labor
What was the encomienda system?
Britain's unofficial policy of loosely enforcing laws, especially trade regulations, in its American colonies during the late 17th and early 18th centuries.
What is salutary neglect?
A European intellectual movement emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism towards tradition and authority, challenging absolute monarchy and church power with ideas of liberty, progress, and natural rights; big influence on the American Revolution.
What was the Enlightenment?
In this case in which one of Adams's "midnight judges" sued to receive his appointment, the US Supreme Court asserted its power of judicial review.
What is Marbury vs. Madison?
Increased tension between the North and South because many who read it joined the abolitionist movement.
What was Uncle Tom's Cabin?
The widespread transfer of plants, animals, and diseases, culture, technology, people and ideas between the Americas (the New World) and Afro-Eurasia (The Old World) ignited by Columbus's voyage in 1492.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
English soldier, explorer, and author crucial to the early survival of the Jamestown colony (1607), North America's first permanent English settlement, known for his strict "no work, no food" policy.
Who was John Smith?
The first direct tax imposed by the British Parliament on the American colonies, requiring a special revenue tax on all printed materials like newspapers, legal documents, playing cards, and pamphlets to help Britain pay debts from the Seven Years' War.
What is the Stamp Act?
In 1807, Jefferson passed this act to deter the threat of impressment but the lack of trade it caused devastated the North's economy.
What was the Embargo Act?
Believed that the bible justified his actions when he raided the arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Va.
Who was John Brown?
Refers to a historical contract by the Spanish Crown granting a foreign power or company the monopoly to supply enslaved Africans to its American colonies.
What was the asiento system?
1676 revolt in Virginia that showed deep animosity between freed indentured servants and wealthy land owners.
What was Bacon's Rebellion?
Early Federalist/Republican divide over economic vision, foreign policy, and federal authority revolved around these two men's differences.
Who were Jefferson and Hamilton?
Name for the group of Congressmen who pushed Madison to declare war on England, even though Federalists were strongly against it?
What were the War Hawks?
Stephen A. Douglas pushed this through Congress in 1854 by promoting popular sovereignty in western territories.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
A pivotal moral and theological confrontation in Spain between Dominican friar Bartolomé de las Casas and humanist scholar Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda, questioning the morality and justification of the Spanish conquest of the Americas, specifically the rights and humanity of Indigenous peoples.
What was the Valladolid Debate?
This case in New York in 1735 established the freedom of the press in the colonies.
What was the Zenger Trial?
An armed uprising of indebted Massachusetts farmers protesting high taxes, foreclosures, and economic hardship after the American Revolutionary War, highlighting the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and spurring the call for a stronger federal government.
What was Shays' Rebellion?
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
After this attack in Charleston, the Civil War began, and four more states joined the Confederacy making its total number of states ______________.
What was Fort Sumter? Eleven.