Vocab
This term describes the exchange of goods, people, and disease after 1492
What is the Columbian Exchange
This European nation established the first permanent settlements in the Caribbean
Who is Spain
This period attempted to rebuild the South after the Civil War
What is Reconstruction?
He wrote Common Sense
Who is Thomas Paine?
This war ended French power in North America
What is the French and Indian War?
I was an economic system where farmers bought supplies on credit and paid back with crops, trapping many Southern farmers in long-term debt after Reconstruction.
What is sharecropping?
I was a deadly disease that spread along trade routes in the 14th century and killed nearly one-third of Europe’s population.
What is the Black Death?
I am the longest river in the world, flowing north through northeastern Africa into the Mediterranean Sea.
What is the Nile River?
This labor system dominated early Chesapeake (Virginia area) colonies, but was made up of Poor Europeans
What is Indentured servitude
This 18th-century religious movement emphasized emotional preaching
What is the First Great Awakening?
This Supreme Court case declared Congress could not ban slavery in territories
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
This formerly enslaved abolitionist used speeches and publications to pressure the federal government to link the Civil War to emancipation and Black enlistment.
Who is Frederick Douglass?
This amendment abolished slavery
What is the Thirteenth Amendment?
I am a political machine that dominated New York City politics in the late 1800s by exchanging jobs, housing, and services for immigrant votes.
What is Tammany Hall?
I was a system of trade routes that connected East Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and parts of Africa, spreading goods, ideas, and disease.
What is the Silk Road?
I am the largest planet in our solar system, known for my Great Red Spot.
What is Jupiter?
This economic system guided Britain’s colonial policies
What is mercantilism?
This belief argued political power comes from the people. It was especially used when arguments were made about slavery in new territories
What is popular sovereignty?
This policy forcibly removed Native Americans west of the Mississippi
What is Indian Removal?
This political leader defended slavery and sectional interests during the antebellum period and helped articulate Southern opposition to federal limits on slavery’s expansion
Who is Jefferson Davis?
This era saw rapid urbanization and industrial growth
What is the Gilded Age?
I was a journalist who exposed the dangers of the meatpacking industry, leading to federal food safety laws during the Progressive Era.
Who is Upton Sinclair?
I was a European movement that emphasized humanism, classical learning, and individual achievement, helping lead to major cultural change.
What is the Renaissance?
I am the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food.
What is photosynthesis?
This belief justified wealth inequality during the Gilded Age
What is Social Darwinism?
This document created a weak national government
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Political party which extended the right to vote to more white men between 1820-1830 (Must be specific)
Who are the Jacksonian Democrats?
This Progressive Era journalist exposed monopolistic practices in the oil industry, helping build public support for antitrust reform.
Who is Ida Tarbell?
Known for advocating equal rights, military oversight of the South, and strict terms for readmitting Confederate states, this group became a dominant force in Congress during Reconstruction.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
I was a law passed after the assassination of a president that aimed to reduce corruption by requiring government jobs to be awarded based on merit, not loyalty.
What is the Pendleton Civil Service Act?
I was 1884–1885 conference formalized European rules for colonizing Africa, accelerating imperial expansion on the continent.
What is the Berlin Conference?
This organ in the human body is primarily responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
What is the kidney?
This business structure exists when a single firm achieves sufficient market dominance to suppress competition and set prices largely independent of market forces
What is a monopoly?
This British law most directly led to tensions between the colonists and the British after the French and Indian War
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
This factor most limited the success of Reconstruction by 1877
What is the lack of federal enforcement
This industrialist built the first large-scale corporate monopoly in the United States by using horizontal integration, price wars, and railroad rebates to dominate the oil industry during the Gilded Age.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
This 1862 law encouraged settlement by offering 160 acres of land to Americans willing to farm it
What is the Homestead Act?
I was a belief that the government should not interfere in the economy, allowing businesses to grow large and powerful during the Gilded Age.
What is laissez-faire capitalism?
I am an economic system that dominated Europe from the Middle Ages into the early modern period, based on land ownership, mutual obligations, and a rigid social hierarchy.
What is feudalism?
I am the scale used to measure the strength of earthquakes, traditionally ranging from minor tremors to major seismic events.
What is the Richter scale?