2.1
France, Netherlands, England
17th century Northern colonies mostly had these laborers, who purchased their trip overseas by promising to work.
Indentured servants.
Southern colonies, including in the Caribbean, mostly focused on this crop/economy.
Sugarcane - cash/crop economy.
As global trade grows, the British move forward with this economic system, especially with the passing of the Navigation Acts.
Mercantilism - colonies provide goods/services for mother country to profit.
What was the Great Awakening?
A period of massive religious revivals within British North American colonies - led to tours, print ads, and brought a lot of new people to religion, including slaves.
Spain and Portugal were focused on spreading Catholicism and taking land for wealth in the Americas; France was more focused on this in the Americas...
Trading posts / alliances with Indians - Quebec/Montreal
The capture and release of Capt John Smith proved what about the Powhatan Indians?
They wanted to A) subordinate Europeans but also B) trade with them/were interested in their culture
Pennsylvania and Delaware were originally created as a religious haven for these pacifist Protestants.
Quakers.
In which colonies was slavery allowed?
ALL OF THEM.
Despite new Protestant or Puritan beliefs emerging in the Americas, gender roles mostly could be described as this?
Patriarchal - women in house and yard, men in fields making decisions, having govt. voices, etc.
The Dutch eventually sell this piece of American land to the British.
New Amsterdam --> New York
Tobacco, The House of Burgesses.
The land that became South Carolina turned into a rice plantation to feed other slaves in different colonies. What port city received many enslaved Africans to accomplish this task?
Charlestown - (Charleston)
How did Africans resist slavery in America?
Broke tools, burned buildings, stole livestock, poisoned/killed masters, refused to work, ran away, etc.
What is the significance of the Zenger case?
First instance of colonials siding with other colonials against the King/Parliament of England.
Spain eventually lost control of this region of North America after the Pueblos revolted against them.
New Mexico and Texas.
Explain the significance of Bacon's Rebellion.
Local Virginia government did not support sending militia to save planters from Indian attacks, Jamestown burned by Nathaniel Bacon as a response - damage done forever to Indian relations.
What was the significance of Leisler's Rebellion?
First colonial rebellion against the British crown and new taxes.
Explain the significance of the NYC Slave Conspiracy.
Necessity for harsh slave code - belief that when blacks get together, they can only think of one thing: plotting revenge!
Whites could also be punished for helping slaves.
How did British relations with American Indians begin and evolve?
At first, relations were somewhat peaceful as trade was wanted by both sides. Indians often wanted guns and horses, so accepted English on their lands for the most part. As British expanded, more conflicts were had and soft alliances broke with Indians, leading to massive amounts of warfare/violence. (Pequot War, Metacom's War, etc.)
France named their large chunk of North American land this title, named for their current king which was who?
Louisiana - King Louis XIV
Most English colonists who came overseas were of what Christian denomination? Name some of the sects that came to America and what they wanted.
Protestants
Pilgrims - wanted to escape from Church of England
Puritans - wanted a life pure and clean from the "sins of the Old World"
Describe the demographics of the Middle Colonies.
Most diverse society/economy of the colonies - some Dutch, some Jews, some wealthy merchants, some middle class artisans, some escaped slaves who became low-level laborers, unskilled laborers, etc.
What was the major effect on colonial society from a mercantile economy?
Those who participated rose to the top of the financial ladder - those who could not or did not usually suffered from income inequalities and could even be homeless.
Name 3 Enlightenment thinkers and their contributions to new political/social ideas within British North America.
John Locke – idea of natural rights (life liberty pursuit of happiness)
Montesquieu – separation of powers
Voltaire – free speech