Gilded Age Politics
The principle that government should not interfere in the workings of a free market economy.
What is laissez faire?
The religious philosophy that drove 19th-century U.S. territorial expansion
What is Manifest Destiny?
An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.
What is a labor union?
When one company controls an entire utility, and there is no competition
What is a monopoly?
This case ruled for "separate by equal accommodations" for white and black passengers on railroads
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This act offered public land (160 acres) to any person who lived on and improved it for 5 years.
What is the Homestead Act of 1862?
Cigar maker who founded the American Federation of Labor
Who is Samuel Gompers?
Industrialist who amassed a great fortune through the Standard Oil Trust.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
State and local laws that were designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
This authorized the building of transcontinental railroad along a northern route.
What is the Pacific Railroad Act?
This union welcomed the skilled and unskilled, was a broad social program, and lost support after the depression of 1873
What is the National Labor Union?
Andrew Carnegie's article that argued the rich had social responsibility
What is Gospel of Wealth?
Deep economic depression caused by high protective tariffs and a return to the gold standard
Panic of 1893
Last major encounter between Natives and the U.S. army. The Lakota Native Americans were overpowered by U.S. troops and roughly 300 Lakota died.
What is the Wounded Knee Massacre?
This organization allowed skill workers only; it involved Samuel Gompers, and gave higher wages and improved working conditions
What is the American Federation of Labor?
Law that authorized the federal government to break up any business combination that was "in restraint of trade."
What is the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
This declared that the South would recognize Rutherford Hayes as President, leading to federal troops being pulled out of the South - effectively ending Reconstruction
What is the Compromise of 1877?
Law that intended to break up Native American reservations into individual farms and turn Native Americans into homesteaders. Designed to end common ownership of the land.
What is the Dawes Severalty Act (1887)?
Strike triggered by wage cuts for railroad workers that spread nationwide. President Rutherford Hayes ordered U.S. troops to end the strike.
What is the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
The method of merging one or more companies of the same business activity. Standard Oil used this to limit competition and increase profits.
What is horizontal integration?