Period 1(1491-1607)
The trade of people, plants, and animals between Europe, Africa, and North America that occurred after Columbus's arrival in the Western Hemisphere.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Tribes located in this part of the Americas were much more divided and separated than the large empires of the Inca, Maya, and Aztec.
What are Eastern U.S./ Eastern Americas/East Coast?
Overcome with debt, the British government broke its promise not to tax the American colonies. The debt was a result of this war over imperialism and competing claims to the Ohio River Valley.
What is the French and Indian War?
People like John Adams wanted a government run by the white male property owners, while people like Thomas Jefferson wanted to include all white men in the government. These two systems for running a government eventually led to the creation of the Federalist and Democratic Republican parties.
What is a republic and a democracy?
This president was known for being very hard nosed and tough. He is infamous for approving the Indian Removal Act of 1830 which sent many Native Americans on the Trail of Tears.
Who is Andrew Jackson?
This good spread from the Maya and Aztec in what is now Mexico to the north resulting in Native American societies that were much more sedentary
What is the maize?
A poor person obligated to a fixed term of unpaid labor, often in exchange for a benefit such as transportation, protection, or training.
What are the Indentured Servants?
Widely unpopular tax on an array of paper goods, repealed in 1766 after mass protests erupted across the colonies. Colonists developed the principle of "no taxation without representation" that questioned Parliament's authority over the colonies and laid the foundation for future revolutionary claims.
What is the Stamp Act?
This court case establish a more powerful of the Supreme Court when John Marshall decided a law passed by Congress was unconstitutional.
What is Marbury vs. Madison?
When Britain's in the colonies did not enforce the laws set forth by the British empire it was known as this.
What is salutary neglect?
Native American labor was marshaled (arranged, assembled) on plantations or in mines. It was later replaced by African slave labor.
What was the Encomienda System?
Early in the formation of British colonies in America wealthy British citizens were rewarded with 50 acres of land for each additional person they brought with them. This system drastically increased the amount of indentured servants in the American colonies.
What is the Headright System?
This was America's first founding document. Ratified in 178, it established government in which the central government could not tax its people nor raise its own army.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
This man became president of the United States in 1801. His election is often called the Revolution of 1800 because it was the first peaceful exchange of power between parties in the United States. He was known for his ideas of making the United States an agrarian nation.
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
This group of people that settled and created Pennsylvania were known for their antislavery and pacifist beliefs.
Who are the Quakers?
Wealth attained in the colonies was ultimately sent back to the home country as part of the economic belief that trade of resources will build a country's value.
What is Mercantilism?
The French and Europeans often did this to improve economic and diplomatic relationships with Native Americans.
What is intermarry/intermarriage?
George Washington's speech at the end of his presidency, warning against "permanent alliances" with other nations. Washington did not oppose all alliances but believed that the young, fledgling nation should forge allegiances only on a temporary basis, in extraordinary circumstances.
What is George Washington's Farewell Address?
This president was famous for being outspoken and opinionated. He kept America out of war despite foreign affairs issues including the XYZ Affair. He also passed the very unpopular Alien and Sedition acts which limited the rights of immigrants.
Who is John Adams?
Early on the British colonies were split in sections. In this section of the British colonies small subsistence farming was popular and many people lived according to the Quaker religion.
What are the New England colonies?
The importance religious items like tobacco diminished greatly upon the arrival of Europeans. This occurred because of this process which is when an item is used in trade to make money.
What is commodification?
1676-1677 This conflict between the tidewater aristocrats and frontier settlers led wealthy landowners to lessen their use of indentured servants and codified chattel slavery. It also resulted in the complete destruction of Jamestown.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
A formal announcement issued by President George Washington on April 22, 1793, declaring the United States a neutral nation in the conflict between Great Britain and France that had begun with the French Revolution. It threatened legal proceedings against any American providing assistance to warring countries.
What is the Proclamation of Neutrality?
The Election year that began the "Age of Jackson" where it was encouraged for men of all standings to participate in political affairs. Jackson ran his campaign around the idea of a "common man" party.
What is the Election of 1828?
This time period of American history came about as a response to Enlightenment ideas which had started to reach American colonies. Preachers would travel around from town to town spreading the gospel. Their sermons evoked emotional shouts and praises from the crowd.
What is the Great Awakening?