European Explorers
Describe one specific motive for European exploration.
Wealth through increased resources/markets/trading partners/land, more power to nation's leadership and influence by spread of religion, increase military capacity and power to take over more territory in the Americas
This treaty was made between Spain and Portugal to determine the division of the new territory in the Western Hemisphere
Line of Demarcation/Treaty of Tordesilla 1494
The system Spain created in the Americas that imposed racial hierarchies
The Caste System
The spread of disease but also the introduction to new plants and animals was an effect of the Columbian Exchange on which part of the world?
Americas/ Western Hemisphere
This crop, which traveled from South America to North America and could be grown in various regions, was new to European diets after explorers reached the Americas
Corn/Maize
This country settled mostly in what is Central and South America by explorers like Cortes and Pizarro and initially used the encomienda system
Spain
Describe a change that caused the transition from the use of Native labor forces to increased slave trade from Africa?
disease impacting Native populations, revolts of Natives, increased demand for crops and use of plantations
The name given to the interaction between North, Central, South America and the West Indies, Africa and Europe
the Columbian Exchange
Richard Hakluyt's letter to Queen Elizabeth I influenced the exploration efforts of this nation to be more competitive with Spain
England
This was the most common response from Native Americans to European missionaries or colonizers seeking to change their culture.
This country initiated the use of maritime technologies and sailed using the caravel since these new boats could travel across oceans.
Portugal
This individual's defense of Native Americans influenced the Valladolid debate in Europe.
Bartolome de Las Casas
This complex economic system controlled by a monarchy was based on control over exports to create profits
Mercantilism
This region of North America was populated by natives who relied on irrigation systems due to their climate and geography.
An economic innovation of its time that allowed investors to fund the colonization efforts in America
Joint stock company
This country started growing their colonies in North America later than other European nations but was motivated by Protestantism.
England
This group of Native Americans were mainly sedentary and established a constitution that united differing tribes in New York
the Iroquois
This system was imposed by the Spanish and caused Native American revolts, such as the Pueblo Revolt
Encomienda System
This was the primary location of English colonial settlement in the Americas
Atlantic coastal region/ East coast
Spain hoped to spread ______ while England focused on spreading _____ as their main religious beliefs.
Catholicism/ Protestantism
This nation was most focused on economic growth through the fur trade and had relatively peaceful and alliance-based relations with Natives
France
John Cabot, Jacques Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, Henry Hudson all have what in common?
They were explorers and founded areas in North America
This term is used to describe the brutal sea voyage from Africa to the Americas as the demand for crops and use of plantations increased in the Americas
the Middle Passage
Native American agriculture encouraged the growth of populations and large urban areas in which region?
Southeast
Name 3 things brought from Europe to the Americas in the Columbian Exchange
Cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, new religions, wheat ,disease, peaches, pears, rice, barley, olives, onions, coffee