Period 1 Foundations
Beginning after 1492, this process transferred crops, animals, diseases, peoples, and ideas across the Atlantic.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This empire founded Quebec in 1608 and depended heavily on the fur trade and Native alliances.
What is France?
Tobacco, the headright system, indentured servitude, and the House of Burgesses are most closely connected to this region.
What is the Chesapeake?
This system granted fifty acres to migrants who paid their own passage or to sponsors who paid another person’s passage.
What is the headright system?
1680, this uprising drove the Spanish out of New Mexico for approximately twelve years.
What is the Pueblo Revolt/Pope Rebellion
This crop, first cultivated in Mesoamerica, helped support settled Native societies and later transformed European diets.
What is maize/corn?
This empire established control Hudson River for commerce.
What is the Netherlands/Dutch Empire?
Rocky soil, Puritan towns, shipbuilding, fishing, family migration, and town meetings characterized this region.
What is New England?
Under this labor system, a migrant worked approximately four to seven years in exchange for passage, food, and shelter.
What is indentured servitude?
From 1675 to 1676, this war devastated both Native communities and English settlements in New England.
What is Metacom’s War/King Philip’s War?
This Spanish labor system granted colonists access to Native labor and tribute in exchange for supposed protection and Christianization.
What is the encomienda system?
This empire emphasized mining, missions, Catholic conversion, and coerced Native and African labor.
What is Spain?
This region produced grain and contained the greatest ethnic and religious diversity.
What are the Middle Colonies?
This term describes the violent forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic.
What is the Middle Passage?
Competition for furs, weapons, and alliances among the Haudenosaunee, French, Dutch, Huron, and other Native nations contributed to these conflicts.
What are the Beaver Wars?
This Dominican friar condemned Spanish violence and exploitation in his 1542 Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies.
Who is Bartolomé de las Casas?
This empire sent the largest number of men, women, and families and built agricultural settlements along the Atlantic coast.
What is Britain/England?
Rice, indigo, Barbadian influence, and a large enslaved population characterized this region
What is the Lower South/Southern Atlantic Colonies?
This economic theory held that colonies should supply raw materials, purchase manufactured goods, and enrich the mother country
What is mercantilism?
English demand for tobacco land and Powhatan resistance contributed to this series of conflicts centered on Virginia.
What are the Anglo-Powhatan Wars?
Native peoples such as the Cheyenne, Sioux, Crow, and Comanche adapted to this region’s grasslands living in portable tipis, and following bison herds. Horses acquired during the 1600s made this lifestyle even more mobile.
What are the Great Plains?
Because this economic activity required Native knowledge, transportation networks, and diplomatic partners, French colonists often formed alliances and intermarried with Native peoples.
What is the fur trade?
Governed by Edmund Andros from 1686 to 1689, this attempt to centralize several colonies restricted assemblies and town meetings.
What is the Dominion of New England?
In 1705, this Virginia law restricted movement, weapons, and interracial marriage while strengthening permanent hereditary slavery.
What is the Virginia Slave Code / Act Concerning Servants and Slaves?
Frontier attacks, western land hunger, planter favoritism, and resentment of the Governor contributed to this 1676 uprising.
What is Bacon’s Rebellion?