New West
the preservation of natural areas from any human interaction whatsoever
What is the Preservation Movement?
A court case that legalized separate but equal facilities
What is Plessy v. Fergusson?
the belief that the economy works best with no gov't intervention and regulation
What is Laissez faire?
the belief that poor are unfit for success while wealthy are stronger/more talented; used to justify status quo and racism toward A.A. & immigrants
What is Social Darwinism?
founded the standard oil trust & took control of nations oil refineries
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
movement caused by deforestation, protection of nat'l parks and federal land from exploitation of economic motivation, regulated use of natural resources
What is the conservation Movement?
a journalist who published accounts of men lying about reasons for lynching and sexual assault against Black women
Who is Ida B. Wells?
When larger companies buy up all aspects of production
What is vertical integration?
The belief that the wealthy have a moral responsibility to help others & society; live modestly and be philanthropic
What is the Gospel of Wealth?
Merged local railroads into New York central railroad
Who is Cornelius Vanderbilt?
New land provided new job opportunities with the production of railroads, growth of railroads meant easy transportation
What are economic motivations for settling west?
gave citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the US and guaranteed equal protection under the law
What is the 14th amendment?
A salaried job, generally doesn't involve manual labor
What is a white collar job?
prohibited giving out gov't jobs in exchange for policy donations/loyalty, required civil service examinations
What is civil service reform?
employed vertical AND horizontal integration to eliminate competition and dominate the steel industry
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
offered 160 acres of free public land to any family that settled on it for 5 years
What is the Homestead act of 1862?
founded the Tuskegee school, preached economic self help for Black americans, believed civil rights could wait
Who is Booker T. Washington?
focused on higher wages and improved working conditions, encouraged workers to walk out until employer negotiated
What is the American Federation of Labor?
ended the immigration of people from china
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
banker who took control of bankrupt railroads, consolidated them, and made them more efficient. He controlled nearly 2/3s of the nation's railroads.
Who is JP Morgan?
break up tribal organizations by granting citizenship to those who stayed on allotted land and acted civilized
What is the Dawes Act?
An advocate who demanded equality and civil rights immediately
Who is W.E.B. Dubois?
The idea that the market is open and people are free to succeed or fail; promoted competition
What is Free Market Capitalism?
hard $ = backed by gold standard, investors, bankers & creditors want less in circulation so value increases
Soft $ = greenbacks/unlimited silver coinage, debtors & farmers want more in circulation so they can pay off debts
What is the money question?
A scottish immigrant and a prominent example of the self made man
Who is Andrew Carnegie?